North America Native Plant

Longleaf Isodendrion

Botanical name: Isodendrion longifolium

USDA symbol: ISLO2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to Hawaii  

Synonyms: Isodendrion maculatum H. St. John (ISMA2)   

Longleaf Isodendrion: A Rare Hawaiian Native Worth Protecting If you’re passionate about native Hawaiian plants and conservation gardening, the longleaf isodendrion (Isodendrion longifolium) might just capture your heart. This unique shrub represents both the beauty and fragility of Hawaii’s endemic flora, making it a meaningful addition to the right garden—with ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: United States

Status: S2: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Threatened: Experiencing significant population decline or habitat loss that could lead to its endangerment if not addressed. ⚘

Region: United States

Longleaf Isodendrion: A Rare Hawaiian Native Worth Protecting

If you’re passionate about native Hawaiian plants and conservation gardening, the longleaf isodendrion (Isodendrion longifolium) might just capture your heart. This unique shrub represents both the beauty and fragility of Hawaii’s endemic flora, making it a meaningful addition to the right garden—with some important caveats we’ll discuss.

What Is Longleaf Isodendrion?

Longleaf isodendrion is a perennial shrub that’s as Hawaiian as it gets—this plant is found nowhere else on Earth except the Hawaiian Islands. True to its name, this multi-stemmed woody plant typically grows to about 13-16 feet tall, though it usually stays more compact in garden settings. Its elongated leaves and delicate flowers make it an attractive specimen for those lucky enough to grow it.

A Plant in Peril

Important Conservation Note: Before we dive into growing tips, it’s crucial to understand that longleaf isodendrion is classified as Threatened and has a Global Conservation Status of S2, meaning it’s imperiled with typically only 6-20 occurrences remaining in the wild. If you’re considering adding this plant to your garden, please ensure you source it only from reputable native plant nurseries that propagate from legally obtained, responsibly sourced material. Never collect from wild populations.

Where Does It Grow Naturally?

This endemic Hawaiian species is naturally distributed across the Hawaiian Islands, where it inhabits dry to mesic forests. Its native range is limited to Hawaii, making it a true island treasure.

Why Grow Longleaf Isodendrion?

Despite—or perhaps because of—its rarity, there are compelling reasons to consider this plant:

  • Conservation impact: Growing rare natives helps preserve genetic diversity and supports conservation efforts
  • Cultural significance: It’s part of Hawaii’s unique natural heritage
  • Pollinator support: Supports native Hawaiian pollinators that have evolved alongside it
  • Unique beauty: Its distinctive form and flowers offer something truly special
  • Low maintenance: Once established, it’s relatively easy to care for

Growing Conditions and Care

Longleaf isodendrion thrives in USDA hardiness zones 10-11, making it suitable primarily for tropical and subtropical climates similar to its native Hawaiian environment.

Ideal Growing Conditions

  • Light: Partial shade to full sun
  • Soil: Well-draining soils are essential
  • Water: Drought-tolerant once established; avoid overwatering
  • Climate: Prefers warm, stable temperatures year-round

Planting and Care Tips

  • Plant in well-draining soil to prevent root rot
  • Provide some protection from strong winds, especially when young
  • Water regularly during establishment, then reduce frequency
  • Mulch around the base to retain moisture and suppress weeds
  • Prune lightly to maintain shape if desired

Garden Design Ideas

Longleaf isodendrion works beautifully in:

  • Native Hawaiian plant gardens
  • Conservation-focused landscapes
  • Dry gardens and xeriscapes
  • As a specimen plant or focal point
  • Mixed native shrub borders

The Bottom Line

Longleaf isodendrion is a plant that comes with both privilege and responsibility. Its rarity makes it special, but also means we must be thoughtful about how we grow and source it. If you have the right growing conditions and can obtain it from responsible sources, you’ll be contributing to conservation efforts while enjoying a truly unique piece of Hawaiian natural heritage.

Remember, with rare plants like this one, we’re not just gardening—we’re participating in conservation. Every responsibly grown longleaf isodendrion represents hope for this species’ future and a connection to Hawaii’s irreplaceable natural legacy.

Longleaf Isodendrion

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Dilleniidae

Order

Violales

Family

Violaceae Batsch - Violet family

Genus

Isodendrion A. Gray - isodendrion

Species

Isodendrion longifolium A. Gray - longleaf isodendrion

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA