North America Native Plant

Longleaf Cupgrass

Botanical name: Eriochloa michauxii var. michauxii

USDA symbol: ERMIM

Life cycle: annual

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Panicum michauxii Poir. (PAMI8)   

Longleaf Cupgrass: A Rare Native Treasure for Southeastern Gardens Meet longleaf cupgrass (Eriochloa michauxii var. michauxii), one of the Southeast’s best-kept botanical secrets! This native grass might not be showing up at your local garden center anytime soon, but for dedicated native plant enthusiasts, it represents something truly special – ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3S4T3T4: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘ Subspecies or variety is vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals. ⚘ Apparently Secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the state or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘ Subspecies or varieties is apparently secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the region or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘

Longleaf Cupgrass: A Rare Native Treasure for Southeastern Gardens

Meet longleaf cupgrass (Eriochloa michauxii var. michauxii), one of the Southeast’s best-kept botanical secrets! This native grass might not be showing up at your local garden center anytime soon, but for dedicated native plant enthusiasts, it represents something truly special – a piece of our natural heritage that’s become increasingly uncommon in the wild.

Where Does Longleaf Cupgrass Call Home?

Longleaf cupgrass is a proud native of the southeastern United States, naturally occurring in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina. This grass has deep roots in the region’s ecological history, having evolved alongside the diverse plant communities of the southeastern coastal plain.

The Rarity Factor: Handle With Care

Here’s where things get serious, fellow plant lovers. Longleaf cupgrass carries a Global Conservation Status of S3S4T3T4, which essentially means it’s considered uncommon to rare in its natural range. This isn’t a plant you’ll stumble upon during a casual nature walk, and that rarity makes it both precious and important to handle responsibly.

If you’re considering adding this grass to your garden, please only source it from reputable native plant nurseries that can guarantee responsibly collected or ethically propagated material. Never collect seeds or plants from wild populations – they need every individual they can get!

Why Grow Longleaf Cupgrass?

You might wonder why anyone would want to grow such an obscure grass. Here’s the thing – native grasses like longleaf cupgrass are the unsung heroes of sustainable landscaping. While they might not have the flashy blooms of wildflowers, they offer something equally valuable:

  • Deep roots that help prevent soil erosion
  • Low maintenance once established
  • Support for native wildlife and insects
  • Authentic representation of regional natural areas
  • Contribution to biodiversity conservation

Garden Role and Design Ideas

Longleaf cupgrass works beautifully in naturalistic garden designs where the goal is to recreate or honor native plant communities. Think native grass gardens, restoration projects, or specialized collections of rare southeastern plants. It’s not the grass for a formal lawn, but it’s perfect for gardeners who want to create habitat and support conservation efforts right in their backyard.

This grass pairs wonderfully with other native southeastern plants and can add texture and movement to native wildflower plantings. Its grass-like form provides a lovely contrast to broader-leaved native perennials.

Growing Conditions and Care

Based on its native range in the southeastern coastal plain, longleaf cupgrass likely thrives in USDA hardiness zones 8-10. Like many native grasses, it probably appreciates well-draining soil and can handle both full sun and partial shade conditions once established.

The beauty of native plants is their adaptation to local conditions – once your longleaf cupgrass settles in, it should require minimal intervention. However, because this species is so rare, detailed growing information is limited. If you’re lucky enough to acquire some, treat it like other native southeastern grasses: provide good drainage, avoid over-fertilizing, and be patient as it establishes.

A Plant Worth Protecting

Growing longleaf cupgrass isn’t just about adding another species to your garden – it’s about participating in conservation. By growing rare native plants responsibly, we create seed sources, learn about their cultivation needs, and potentially contribute to their long-term survival.

While this grass might not be the showiest plant in your garden, it represents something irreplaceable: a living link to the natural heritage of the Southeast. For native plant enthusiasts willing to seek out rare treasures and handle them with the respect they deserve, longleaf cupgrass offers a unique opportunity to garden with purpose.

Remember, with rare plants comes great responsibility. Source ethically, grow carefully, and perhaps most importantly, share your knowledge with other native plant lovers who might help ensure this special grass doesn’t slip away into botanical history.

Longleaf Cupgrass

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Poaceae Barnhart - Grass family

Genus

Eriochloa Kunth - cupgrass

Species

Eriochloa michauxii (Poir.) Hitchc. - longleaf cupgrass

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA