North America Native Plant

Liverwort Monkeyflower

Botanical name: Mimulus jungermannioides

USDA symbol: MIJU

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Liverwort Monkeyflower: A Rare Pacific Northwest Treasure for Your Garden Meet the liverwort monkeyflower (Mimulus jungermannioides), a charming little native that’s as unique as its name suggests. This delicate perennial forb brings a touch of Pacific Northwest wilderness to your garden, but there’s something important you should know before adding ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘

Liverwort Monkeyflower: A Rare Pacific Northwest Treasure for Your Garden

Meet the liverwort monkeyflower (Mimulus jungermannioides), a charming little native that’s as unique as its name suggests. This delicate perennial forb brings a touch of Pacific Northwest wilderness to your garden, but there’s something important you should know before adding it to your wishlist.

A Rare Beauty Worth Protecting

The liverwort monkeyflower holds a special conservation status that makes it both precious and responsibility-requiring. With a Global Conservation Status of S3 (Vulnerable), this plant is considered at risk due to its limited range and small population numbers. Typically, only 21 to 100 occurrences exist with between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals total. If you’re considering growing this beauty, please ensure you source it responsibly from reputable native plant nurseries or conservation programs.

Where Does It Call Home?

This native treasure is found exclusively in Oregon and Washington, making it a true Pacific Northwest endemic. Its natural habitat reflects the cool, moist conditions of this region, where it thrives in specialized environments that many gardeners can recreate with the right approach.

What Makes It Special?

As a perennial forb, the liverwort monkeyflower lacks woody tissue but returns year after year from buds at or below ground level. Its delicate yellow flowers and moss-like appearance create an almost fairy-tale quality in the garden. The plant gets its common name from its resemblance to liverwort, though it’s actually a flowering plant in the monkeyflower family.

Perfect Garden Spots

This specialized native works beautifully in:

  • Rock gardens where it can nestle between stones
  • Alpine or mountainous garden themes
  • Native plant collections focused on Pacific Northwest species
  • Conservation gardens dedicated to rare plants

Growing Conditions That Make It Happy

Success with liverwort monkeyflower comes from mimicking its natural Pacific Northwest environment:

  • Consistent moisture without waterlogging
  • Well-draining soil that doesn’t stay soggy
  • Partial shade to full sun, depending on your climate
  • Cool temperatures – it’s happiest in USDA zones 7-9
  • Protection from extreme heat and harsh afternoon sun

Caring for Your Liverwort Monkeyflower

Once established, this native requires thoughtful attention rather than intensive care. Keep the soil consistently moist during the growing season, but ensure good drainage to prevent root rot. In hotter climates, afternoon shade becomes crucial. The plant naturally goes dormant in winter, so don’t worry when growth slows or stops during cold months.

Supporting Local Wildlife

While small in stature, liverwort monkeyflower plays its part in supporting local ecosystems. Its delicate flowers attract small native bees and flies, contributing to the pollinator network that keeps our native plant communities thriving.

Should You Grow It?

If you’re passionate about native plants and committed to conservation, liverwort monkeyflower can be a meaningful addition to your garden. However, its rarity means this isn’t a plant for casual gardeners. Choose it if you:

  • Live in the Pacific Northwest or can provide similar conditions
  • Are committed to responsible sourcing and conservation
  • Want to support rare native plant preservation
  • Have experience with specialized native plants

Remember, growing rare natives like liverwort monkeyflower is both a privilege and a responsibility. By choosing to cultivate this vulnerable species with care and respect, you’re joining a community of gardeners dedicated to preserving our natural heritage one garden at a time.

Liverwort Monkeyflower

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Scrophulariales

Family

Scrophulariaceae Juss. - Figwort family

Genus

Mimulus L. - monkeyflower

Species

Mimulus jungermannioides Suksd. - liverwort monkeyflower

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA