North America Native Plant

Littleflower Figwort

Botanical name: Scrophularia minutiflora

USDA symbol: SCMI8

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to Puerto Rico  

Littleflower Figwort: A Rare Puerto Rican Native Worth Knowing About If you’ve stumbled across the name littleflower figwort in your native plant research, you’ve discovered one of Puerto Rico’s more mysterious botanical residents. Scrophularia minutiflora is a fascinating example of how much we still don’t know about our native flora, ...

Littleflower Figwort: A Rare Puerto Rican Native Worth Knowing About

If you’ve stumbled across the name littleflower figwort in your native plant research, you’ve discovered one of Puerto Rico’s more mysterious botanical residents. Scrophularia minutiflora is a fascinating example of how much we still don’t know about our native flora, especially in tropical regions.

What Is Littleflower Figwort?

Littleflower figwort is a forb – basically a non-woody plant that lacks the thick, sturdy stems of shrubs and trees. Think of it as an herbaceous plant that keeps its growing points either at or below ground level, helping it survive through different seasons. This little-known species can be either annual (living just one year) or perennial (coming back year after year), though specific details about its lifecycle remain unclear.

Where Does It Call Home?

This plant is exclusively native to Puerto Rico, making it a true island endemic. You won’t find littleflower figwort growing wild anywhere else in the world – it’s as Puerto Rican as it gets! Its limited geographic distribution makes it particularly special for local conservation efforts.

A Wetland Specialist

Here’s what we do know for certain: littleflower figwort is classified as an Obligate Wetland species in the Caribbean region. This means it almost always occurs in wetland environments – think marshes, swamps, stream edges, or other consistently moist areas. If you’re dreaming of adding this plant to your dry, well-drained garden bed, you’ll want to think twice!

The Challenge for Home Gardeners

Here’s where things get tricky for enthusiastic native plant gardeners. Despite our best research efforts, crucial information about growing littleflower figwort remains elusive. We don’t have reliable data about:

  • Specific growing conditions and soil preferences
  • Mature size and growth rate
  • Propagation methods
  • USDA hardiness zones
  • Care requirements
  • Wildlife and pollinator benefits

This lack of cultivation information likely reflects the plant’s rarity and the limited research conducted on Puerto Rico’s endemic flora.

Should You Try to Grow It?

Given the mystery surrounding this species and its likely rarity, we’d recommend caution. Without knowing its conservation status or having access to responsibly sourced seeds or plants, attempting to grow littleflower figwort might not be the best choice for home gardeners.

Instead, consider these alternatives if you’re interested in supporting Puerto Rican native plants:

  • Research other well-documented Puerto Rican natives suitable for cultivation
  • Contact local native plant societies or botanical gardens for guidance
  • Support conservation efforts for endemic species through donations or volunteer work

The Bigger Picture

Littleflower figwort serves as a perfect reminder of how much botanical diversity exists in places like Puerto Rico – and how much we still have to learn. While you might not be planting this particular species in your garden anytime soon, its existence highlights the importance of protecting wetland habitats where rare endemics like this one make their home.

Sometimes the most valuable plants are the ones that remain wild, quietly doing their part in ecosystems we’re still working to understand.

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Caribbean

OBL

Obligate Wetland - Plants with this status almost always occurs in wetlands

Littleflower Figwort

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Scrophulariales

Family

Scrophulariaceae Juss. - Figwort family

Genus

Scrophularia L. - figwort

Species

Scrophularia minutiflora Pennell - littleflower figwort

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA