North America Native Plant

Little Woodfern

Botanical name: Dryopteris parvula

USDA symbol: DRPA6

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to Hawaii  

Little Woodfern: Hawaii’s Delicate Native Beauty Meet the little woodfern (Dryopteris parvula), a charming Hawaiian native that’s as understated as it is lovely. This petite fern might not grab attention like a flashy flowering shrub, but it has a quiet elegance that makes it a treasured addition to the right ...

Little Woodfern: Hawaii’s Delicate Native Beauty

Meet the little woodfern (Dryopteris parvula), a charming Hawaiian native that’s as understated as it is lovely. This petite fern might not grab attention like a flashy flowering shrub, but it has a quiet elegance that makes it a treasured addition to the right garden setting.

What Makes Little Woodfern Special

As its name suggests, this is one of the smaller members of the woodfern family. Little woodfern is a perennial that grows as what botanists call a forb – essentially a non-woody plant that comes back year after year. Don’t let the technical term fool you; this simply means it’s a soft-stemmed plant that won’t develop bark or thick woody stems like a tree or shrub.

What sets little woodfern apart is its delicate, finely-textured fronds that create an almost lacy appearance in the garden. The foliage has that classic fern look we all recognize, but in a more compact, refined package.

Where Little Woodfern Calls Home

Little woodfern is endemic to Hawaii, meaning it’s found nowhere else in the world naturally. This makes it a true Hawaiian treasure – a plant that evolved specifically in the unique conditions of the Hawaiian Islands.

Is Little Woodfern Right for Your Garden?

Here’s where things get specific: little woodfern is really only suitable for gardens in tropical and subtropical climates, particularly USDA hardiness zones 10-12. If you’re gardening in Hawaii, you’re in luck! For mainland gardeners, this beauty is probably too tender for outdoor cultivation unless you’re in the warmest parts of southern Florida or similar climates.

Benefits in the Garden

Little woodfern shines as an understory plant, thriving in the dappled shade beneath larger trees and shrubs. Here’s what it brings to your landscape:

  • Provides fine-textured contrast to broader-leaved plants
  • Creates a naturalistic, woodland feel in shaded areas
  • Requires minimal maintenance once established
  • Supports native Hawaiian ecosystem restoration
  • Excellent for Hawaiian native plant gardens

Growing Conditions and Care

Like most ferns, little woodfern appreciates consistent moisture and protection from direct sunlight. It thrives in:

  • Partial to full shade locations
  • Well-draining but moisture-retentive soil
  • Areas protected from strong winds
  • Humid environments (naturally provided in Hawaii)

The key to success is mimicking its natural forest habitat – think moist, shaded, and protected. Once established, it’s relatively low-maintenance, though regular watering during dry periods will keep it looking its best.

Wildlife and Ecosystem Benefits

While ferns don’t produce flowers to attract pollinators like bees and butterflies, they play important roles in native ecosystems. Little woodfern provides habitat for small creatures and contributes to the complex web of native Hawaiian plant communities.

The Bottom Line

Little woodfern is a specialized beauty that’s perfect for the right situation. If you’re gardening in Hawaii and looking to incorporate native plants into your landscape, this delicate fern deserves consideration. Its fine texture and understated elegance make it an excellent choice for creating naturalistic plantings that honor Hawaii’s unique botanical heritage.

For gardeners outside tropical zones, while you can’t grow little woodfern outdoors, you might consider other native fern species suited to your region to capture that same woodland magic in your own backyard.

Little Woodfern

Classification

Group

Fern

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision
Division

Pteridophyta - Ferns

Subdivision
Class

Filicopsida

Subclass
Order

Polypodiales

Family

Dryopteridaceae Herter - Wood Fern family

Genus

Dryopteris Adans. - woodfern

Species

Dryopteris parvula W.J. Rob. - little woodfern

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA