North America Native Plant

Little Western Bittercress

Botanical name: Cardamine oligosperma

USDA symbol: CAOL

Life cycle: biennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to Alaska âš˜ Native to Canada âš˜ Native to the lower 48 states  

Little Western Bittercress: A Delicate Native Wildflower for Your Garden Meet little western bittercress (Cardamine oligosperma), a charming native wildflower that’s quietly making its mark across North American gardens. This unassuming little plant might not win any showiest flower contests, but it brings something special to naturalized landscapes and native ...

Little Western Bittercress: A Delicate Native Wildflower for Your Garden

Meet little western bittercress (Cardamine oligosperma), a charming native wildflower that’s quietly making its mark across North American gardens. This unassuming little plant might not win any showiest flower contests, but it brings something special to naturalized landscapes and native plant gardens—authentic regional character and easy-going charm.

Where Does Little Western Bittercress Call Home?

This hardy native has quite an impressive range! Little western bittercress naturally grows across a vast territory stretching from Alaska and the Canadian provinces of Alberta, British Columbia, Yukon, and Northwest Territories, down through the western United States including California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. Surprisingly, it even pops up as far east as New York.

As a true North American native, this plant has spent centuries adapting to local conditions, making it a naturally sustainable choice for regional gardens.

What Makes This Plant Special?

Little western bittercress is what botanists call a forb—essentially a non-woody flowering plant that can live as an annual, biennial, or perennial depending on conditions. Here’s what you can expect:

  • Size: Grows to about 1.7 feet tall with a delicate, upright form
  • Flowers: Small white blooms that appear in early spring
  • Foliage: Fine-textured green leaves that create a soft, airy appearance
  • Growth rate: Rapid growth during its active spring growing season
  • Seeds: Small black seeds produced abundantly from spring through summer

Perfect Spots for Little Western Bittercress

This adaptable native works beautifully in several garden settings:

  • Native plant gardens: Adds authentic regional character
  • Woodland edges: Tolerates shade and creates natural-looking drifts
  • Naturalized areas: Self-seeds to create informal colonies
  • Rain gardens: Its facultative wetland status means it handles both moist and drier conditions

Growing Conditions That Make It Happy

One of the best things about little western bittercress is how accommodating it is! Here’s what it prefers:

  • Soil: Medium-textured, well-draining soil (not too sandy or too clay-heavy)
  • pH: Slightly acidic to neutral (5.5 to 7.0)
  • Moisture: Medium water needs—not drought-tolerant but doesn’t need constant moisture
  • Light: Shade tolerant, making it perfect for woodland settings
  • Climate: Hardy in USDA zones 2-8, tolerating temperatures down to -23°F

How to Grow Little Western Bittercress

Ready to add this native charmer to your garden? Here’s the scoop on getting started:

Starting from Seed: This is your best bet since the plant isn’t commercially available as transplants. The good news? It’s incredibly easy from seed!

  • Sow seeds in fall or early spring
  • No cold stratification needed—just scatter and lightly cover
  • Seeds germinate readily with high seedling vigor
  • Expect about 275,000 seeds per pound (they’re tiny!)

Care Tips:

  • Provide consistent moisture during the growing season
  • Mulch around plants to retain soil moisture
  • Allow plants to self-seed for natural colonies
  • No fertilizer needed in most garden soils
  • Minimal maintenance required once established

Wildlife and Pollinator Benefits

While little western bittercress may seem modest, its early spring blooms provide nectar when few other flowers are available. Small native bees, beneficial insects, and other early-season pollinators appreciate these reliable food sources. The abundant seeds also provide food for small birds and other wildlife.

Why Choose Little Western Bittercress?

This native wildflower might be the perfect choice if you’re looking to:

  • Add authentic regional plants to your landscape
  • Support local ecosystems and wildlife
  • Create low-maintenance naturalized areas
  • Fill shady spots where other plants struggle
  • Enjoy early spring blooms

Little western bittercress proves that native plants don’t need to be flashy to be valuable. Sometimes the quiet, dependable performers are exactly what your garden needs to feel complete and connected to the natural world around it.

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Arid West

FAC

Facultative - Plants with this status can occur in wetlands and non-wetlands

Great Plains

FAC

Facultative - Plants with this status can occur in wetlands and non-wetlands

Western Mountains, Valleys, and Coast

FAC

Facultative - Plants with this status can occur in wetlands and non-wetlands

Little Western Bittercress

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Dilleniidae

Order

Capparales

Family

Brassicaceae Burnett - Mustard family

Genus

Cardamine L. - bittercress

Species

Cardamine oligosperma Nutt. - little western bittercress

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA