North America Native Plant

Lipfern

Botanical name: Cheilanthes ×fibrillosa

USDA symbol: CHFI

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Lipfern: A Rare Native Fern for Specialized Gardens If you’re drawn to unique native plants that thrive in challenging conditions, you might be intrigued by lipfern (Cheilanthes ×fibrillosa). This perennial fern represents something quite special in the native plant world—a naturally occurring hybrid that’s adapted to some of the toughest ...

Lipfern: A Rare Native Fern for Specialized Gardens

If you’re drawn to unique native plants that thrive in challenging conditions, you might be intrigued by lipfern (Cheilanthes ×fibrillosa). This perennial fern represents something quite special in the native plant world—a naturally occurring hybrid that’s adapted to some of the toughest growing conditions you can imagine.

What Makes Lipfern Special?

Lipfern belongs to the Cheilanthes genus, commonly known as lip ferns, which are renowned for their ability to survive in dry, rocky environments where most other ferns would simply give up. The × in its scientific name tells us this is a hybrid—nature’s own cross between two parent species, creating something entirely unique.

As a native species to the lower 48 states, lipfern has earned its place in California’s natural landscape through millennia of adaptation. This isn’t your typical woodland fern that demands constant moisture and shade. Instead, it’s evolved to handle the complete opposite conditions.

Where You’ll Find It Growing Wild

Currently, lipfern is documented as growing naturally in California, where it has carved out its niche in the state’s diverse ecosystems. This limited geographic distribution adds to its appeal for native plant enthusiasts who appreciate botanical rarities.

A Word About Rarity

Here’s where things get interesting—and important. Information about this particular hybrid is quite limited in botanical literature, which often indicates a plant with restricted distribution or specialized habitat requirements. If you’re considering adding lipfern to your collection, it’s crucial to source it responsibly from reputable native plant nurseries rather than collecting from wild populations.

Garden Appeal and Landscape Role

Don’t expect lipfern to make a bold statement in your garden—its beauty lies in subtlety and resilience. This fern typically features:

  • Delicate, finely divided fronds that add texture to dry landscapes
  • Compact growth habit perfect for rock gardens and crevice plantings
  • Interesting architectural form that contrasts beautifully with succulent plants
  • Year-round presence as a perennial species

Ideal Growing Conditions

If you’re used to babying typical garden ferns with constant watering and rich soil, prepare to flip your expectations. Lipfern thrives in conditions that would stress most plants:

  • Well-draining, rocky or sandy soils
  • Full sun to partial shade exposure
  • Minimal supplemental watering once established
  • Poor to moderately fertile soils

This makes it an excellent choice for xerophytic gardens, rock gardens, and native plant landscapes designed to conserve water.

Hardiness and Climate Considerations

Based on its California native range, lipfern likely performs best in USDA hardiness zones 8-10, though specific cold tolerance information is limited. If you’re gardening in a cooler climate, consider container growing or providing winter protection.

Wildlife and Ecological Benefits

While ferns don’t produce flowers to attract pollinators, they serve other important ecological functions. Native ferns like lipfern can provide:

  • Habitat structure for small wildlife
  • Erosion control on slopes and rocky areas
  • Biodiversity enhancement in native plant communities

Planting and Care Tips

Successfully growing lipfern requires embracing the less is more philosophy:

  • Plant in spring or fall when temperatures are moderate
  • Ensure excellent drainage—soggy soil is this fern’s enemy
  • Water sparingly during establishment, then rely on natural rainfall
  • Avoid fertilizing, as rich conditions can actually harm drought-adapted plants
  • Mulch lightly with gravel or small stones rather than organic mulch

Should You Grow Lipfern?

Lipfern isn’t for every gardener or every garden. Consider it if you:

  • Love rare and unusual native plants
  • Garden in challenging, dry conditions
  • Appreciate subtle beauty over flashy displays
  • Want to support native plant conservation
  • Enjoy the satisfaction of growing something truly unique

However, skip it if you prefer fast-growing, high-impact plants or don’t have the appropriate growing conditions. Remember, the key to successful native gardening is matching the right plant to the right place.

Whether you choose to grow lipfern or simply appreciate it from afar, this little hybrid represents the incredible adaptability and quiet beauty of our native flora. In a world of garden center regulars, sometimes the most rewarding plants are the ones that make you work a little harder to understand and appreciate them.

Lipfern

Classification

Group

Fern

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision
Division

Pteridophyta - Ferns

Subdivision
Class

Filicopsida

Subclass
Order

Polypodiales

Family

Pteridaceae E.D.M. Kirchn. - Maidenhair Fern family

Genus

Cheilanthes Sw. - lipfern

Species

Cheilanthes ×fibrillosa (Davenport) Davenport ex Underw. (pro sp.) [covillei × newberryi] - lipfern

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA