North America Native Plant

Limpleaf Spikemoss

Botanical name: Selaginella laxifolia

USDA symbol: SELA5

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to Puerto Rico  

Limpleaf Spikemoss: A Tiny Ancient Wonder for Your Garden Meet limpleaf spikemoss (Selaginella laxifolia), a fascinating little plant that’s actually not a moss at all! This diminutive tropical native might look like moss to the untrained eye, but it’s actually a member of an ancient group of plants called spikemosses ...

Limpleaf Spikemoss: A Tiny Ancient Wonder for Your Garden

Meet limpleaf spikemoss (Selaginella laxifolia), a fascinating little plant that’s actually not a moss at all! This diminutive tropical native might look like moss to the untrained eye, but it’s actually a member of an ancient group of plants called spikemosses or lycopods that have been around since before the dinosaurs.

What Exactly Is Limpleaf Spikemoss?

Despite its common name, limpleaf spikemoss is technically a forb – a small, non-woody vascular plant that lacks the thick stems of shrubs and trees. What makes this little guy special is that it’s one of the most primitive types of vascular plants on Earth, reproducing through spores rather than flowers and seeds like most modern plants.

This perennial plant gets its limpleaf name from its soft, flexible foliage that consists of tiny, scale-like leaves arranged along delicate stems. The overall effect is a carpet-like mat of fine, feathery greenery that brings a prehistoric charm to any space.

Where Does It Call Home?

Limpleaf spikemoss is native to the beautiful island of Puerto Rico, where it thrives in the tropical climate. This plant is perfectly adapted to the warm, humid conditions of the Caribbean region.

Is It Beneficial for Your Garden?

If you live in USDA hardiness zones 10-12, limpleaf spikemoss can be a wonderful addition to your garden for several reasons:

  • Unique texture: Its fine, moss-like appearance adds visual interest and contrast to larger plants
  • Ground cover: Forms attractive low carpets in shaded areas
  • Low maintenance: Once established, it requires minimal care
  • Conversation starter: Your guests will be intrigued by this living fossil

However, keep in mind that this plant has a facultative wetland status, meaning it usually grows in wetland conditions but can adapt to drier areas. It won’t provide nectar for pollinators since it doesn’t produce flowers, but it can offer habitat for small insects and contribute to the overall ecosystem diversity of your garden.

Perfect Garden Spots

Limpleaf spikemoss works beautifully in:

  • Shade gardens: Thrives under trees and larger plants
  • Rock gardens: Softens hard edges with its delicate texture
  • Tropical landscapes: Complements other Caribbean native plants
  • Terrariums: Perfect for enclosed humid environments
  • Bog gardens: Loves consistently moist conditions

How to Identify Limpleaf Spikemoss

Look for these telltale characteristics:

  • Very small, scale-like leaves that overlap along the stems
  • Low-growing, carpet-forming habit
  • Soft, flexible stems that bend easily (hence limpleaf)
  • Preference for moist, shaded locations
  • Tiny spore-bearing structures rather than flowers

Growing Conditions and Care

If you’re lucky enough to garden in the right climate zone, here’s what limpleaf spikemoss needs to thrive:

  • Light: Bright, indirect light or partial shade
  • Moisture: Consistently moist soil – never let it completely dry out
  • Humidity: High humidity levels (60% or higher)
  • Soil: Well-draining but moisture-retentive soil
  • Temperature: Warm temperatures year-round (tropical conditions)

Remember, this little plant is all about consistency – consistent moisture, consistent warmth, and consistent humidity. Think tropical rainforest floor, and you’ll have the right idea!

The Bottom Line

Limpleaf spikemoss is a charming choice for tropical gardeners who want to add something truly unique to their landscape. While it won’t work for everyone due to its specific climate requirements, those who can grow it will be rewarded with a fascinating glimpse into plant evolution right in their own backyard. Just remember – despite its name, you’re not growing moss, you’re growing a living piece of ancient plant history!

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Caribbean

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Limpleaf Spikemoss

Classification

Group

Lycopod

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision
Division

Lycopodiophyta - Lycopods

Subdivision
Class

Lycopodiopsida

Subclass
Order

Selaginellales

Family

Selaginellaceae Willk. - Spike-moss family

Genus

Selaginella P. Beauv. - spikemoss

Species

Selaginella laxifolia Baker - limpleaf spikemoss

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA