North America Native Plant

Lewis’ Evening Primrose

Botanical name: Camissonia lewisii

USDA symbol: CALE26

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Lewis’ Evening Primrose: A Delicate California Native Worth Discovering If you’re looking to add a touch of California’s natural charm to your garden, Lewis’ evening primrose (Camissonia lewisii) might just be the hidden gem you’ve been searching for. This petite annual wildflower may not be the showiest plant in the ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S2S3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘

Lewis’ Evening Primrose: A Delicate California Native Worth Discovering

If you’re looking to add a touch of California’s natural charm to your garden, Lewis’ evening primrose (Camissonia lewisii) might just be the hidden gem you’ve been searching for. This petite annual wildflower may not be the showiest plant in the garden center, but it brings something truly special to native plant enthusiasts and evening garden lovers alike.

What Makes Lewis’ Evening Primrose Special?

Lewis’ evening primrose is a native California annual that belongs to the forb family—essentially a non-woody flowering plant that completes its entire life cycle in one growing season. What sets this little beauty apart is its evening-blooming habit, producing delicate yellow flowers that open as the sun sets, creating a magical twilight display in your garden.

As a true California native, this plant has evolved to thrive in the Golden State’s unique climate conditions, making it an excellent choice for gardeners looking to create authentic, sustainable landscapes that support local ecosystems.

Where Does It Naturally Grow?

Lewis’ evening primrose is endemic to California, meaning you won’t find it growing wild anywhere else in the world. This makes it a truly special addition to Golden State gardens, as you’ll be growing a plant that’s uniquely yours by geographic heritage.

Important Conservation Note

Before you rush out to plant Lewis’ evening primrose, there’s something important you should know: this species has a conservation status of S2S3, indicating it’s somewhat rare in its natural habitat. While this doesn’t mean you can’t grow it, it does mean you should be thoughtful about sourcing.

Always purchase seeds or plants from reputable native plant nurseries that ethically propagate their stock. Never collect seeds or plants from wild populations, as this can harm already vulnerable communities of this special plant.

Garden Design and Landscape Role

Lewis’ evening primrose works beautifully in several garden settings:

  • Wildflower meadows: Perfect for naturalistic plantings that mimic California’s native grasslands
  • Desert and xeriscape gardens: Its drought tolerance makes it ideal for water-wise landscaping
  • Evening gardens: The night-blooming flowers create interest during twilight hours
  • Native plant gardens: An authentic choice for purist California native landscapes

Aesthetic Appeal and Garden Performance

Don’t expect Lewis’ evening primrose to dominate your garden with bold colors or towering height. This is a plant that charms with subtlety. The small, cheerful yellow flowers appear modest during the day but come alive in the evening, attracting night-flying moths and other nocturnal pollinators with their gentle glow and sweet fragrance.

As an annual, it provides seasonal interest rather than year-round structure, making it perfect for filling in gaps in perennial plantings or creating ephemeral displays that change with the seasons.

Growing Conditions and Care

The good news? Lewis’ evening primrose is relatively easy to grow once you understand its preferences:

  • Sunlight: Thrives in full sun conditions
  • Soil: Prefers well-draining, sandy, or rocky soils—avoid heavy clay or constantly moist conditions
  • Water: Drought-tolerant once established; minimal watering needed after germination
  • USDA Zones: Best suited for zones 8-10, matching California’s climate patterns

Planting and Care Tips

Since Lewis’ evening primrose is an annual, you’ll want to direct seed it in your garden:

  • Timing: Sow seeds in fall for spring germination, mimicking natural rainfall patterns
  • Preparation: Lightly scratch the soil surface—no need for deep cultivation
  • Spacing: Scatter seeds naturally; this plant looks best when allowed to self-arrange
  • Maintenance: Once established, it’s remarkably low-maintenance and will often self-seed for future years

Supporting Pollinators and Wildlife

One of the best reasons to grow Lewis’ evening primrose is its value to nocturnal pollinators. While many gardeners focus on daytime butterflies and bees, evening-blooming plants like this one support an often-overlooked community of night-flying moths, beetles, and other creatures that are equally important to ecosystem health.

Is Lewis’ Evening Primrose Right for Your Garden?

Consider adding Lewis’ evening primrose to your garden if you:

  • Live in California and want to grow truly local natives
  • Enjoy evening garden experiences and twilight blooms
  • Are creating drought-tolerant, sustainable landscapes
  • Want to support nocturnal pollinators
  • Appreciate subtle, naturalistic garden beauty

Just remember to source your seeds responsibly from reputable native plant nurseries, and you’ll be rewarded with a charming piece of California’s natural heritage right in your own backyard. This little evening primrose proves that sometimes the most special plants are the ones that bloom when the rest of the world is settling down for the night.

Lewis’ Evening Primrose

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Myrtales

Family

Onagraceae Juss. - Evening Primrose family

Genus

Camissonia Link - suncup

Species

Camissonia lewisii P.H. Raven - Lewis' evening primrose

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA