North America Native Plant

Lemmon’s Lupine

Botanical name: Lupinus lemmonii

USDA symbol: LULE

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Lupinus argenteus Pursh var. lemmonii (C.P. Sm.) Isely (LUARL7)   

Lemmon’s Lupine: A Rare Arizona Native Worth Protecting If you’re drawn to unique native plants and have a soft spot for rare botanical treasures, Lemmon’s lupine (Lupinus lemmonii) might catch your attention. This Arizona native is one of those special plants that makes you appreciate the incredible diversity hiding in ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S1Q: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Uncertain taxonomy: ⚘ Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘

Lemmon’s Lupine: A Rare Arizona Native Worth Protecting

If you’re drawn to unique native plants and have a soft spot for rare botanical treasures, Lemmon’s lupine (Lupinus lemmonii) might catch your attention. This Arizona native is one of those special plants that makes you appreciate the incredible diversity hiding in our southwestern landscapes – though you’ll need to approach it with extra care and consideration.

What Makes Lemmon’s Lupine Special?

Lemmon’s lupine is a perennial forb, meaning it’s an herbaceous plant that comes back year after year without developing woody stems. Like other members of the lupine family, it likely produces the characteristic spikes of pea-like flowers that make lupines so beloved by gardeners and pollinators alike.

This plant is native to Arizona and represents a unique part of the state’s natural heritage. You might also see it referenced by its botanical synonym, Lupinus argenteus var. lemmonii, in older botanical references.

Geographic Range and Rarity Concerns

Lemmon’s lupine is found exclusively in Arizona, making it a true regional specialty. However, here’s where things get serious: this plant has a Global Conservation Status of S1Q, which typically indicates it’s critically imperiled and at high risk of extinction.

Important Conservation Note: Because of its rare status, if you’re considering growing Lemmon’s lupine, it’s crucial to source plants or seeds only from reputable native plant nurseries that use responsibly collected, ethically propagated material. Never collect from wild populations, as this could further threaten already vulnerable communities.

Should You Grow Lemmon’s Lupine?

The answer is nuanced. While supporting rare native plants through cultivation can be part of conservation efforts, Lemmon’s lupine comes with significant unknowns:

  • Specific growing requirements are not well documented
  • Propagation methods are unclear
  • Availability from nurseries may be extremely limited or nonexistent
  • Its rarity means mistakes in cultivation represent lost conservation opportunities

For most gardeners, focusing on more common Arizona native lupines might be a better choice while still supporting local ecosystems.

Growing Conditions (General Guidance)

Since specific growing information for Lemmon’s lupine is limited, we can make educated guesses based on its Arizona habitat:

  • Climate: Likely adapted to hot, dry summers and mild winters
  • Soil: Probably prefers well-draining soils, as most desert plants do
  • Water: Likely drought-tolerant once established
  • Sun exposure: Probably full sun to partial shade

However, without specific research on this species, these are educated guesses at best.

Potential Garden Role and Pollinator Benefits

Like other lupines, Lemmon’s lupine would likely serve as an excellent pollinator plant, attracting native bees, butterflies, and other beneficial insects. Its flowers would add vertical interest to desert gardens and natural landscapes.

The plant would be best suited for:

  • Native plant gardens focused on Arizona species
  • Desert or xerophytic landscapes
  • Conservation-minded gardening projects
  • Educational botanical collections

The Bottom Line

Lemmon’s lupine represents the fascinating but fragile diversity of Arizona’s native flora. While its rarity makes it a challenging choice for typical home gardeners, it highlights the importance of protecting and understanding our regional plant heritage.

If you’re passionate about rare natives and have experience with challenging plants, consider reaching out to botanical gardens, native plant societies, or conservation organizations in Arizona. They may have insight into conservation efforts or appropriate ways to support this species.

For most gardeners wanting to support lupines and local ecosystems, consider more readily available Arizona native alternatives that can provide similar ecological benefits without the conservation concerns. Sometimes the best way to honor a rare plant is to grow its more common relatives while supporting habitat protection for the rarities.

Lemmon’s Lupine

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Fabales

Family

Fabaceae Lindl. - Pea family

Genus

Lupinus L. - lupine

Species

Lupinus lemmonii C.P. Sm. - Lemmon's lupine

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA