North America Native Plant

Lejeunea Cardoti

Botanical name: Lejeunea cardoti

USDA symbol: LECA63

Habit: nonvascular

Native status: Native to North America  

Lejeunea cardoti: A Rare and Tiny Liverwort Worth Knowing If you’ve ever wondered about the smallest inhabitants of North America’s forests, let me introduce you to Lejeunea cardoti—a fascinating liverwort that’s probably been hiding in plain sight during your woodland walks. This tiny green organism belongs to an ancient group ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Alabama

Status: S3?: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Inexact rank: ⚘ Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘ Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘

Region: Alabama

Lejeunea cardoti: A Rare and Tiny Liverwort Worth Knowing

If you’ve ever wondered about the smallest inhabitants of North America’s forests, let me introduce you to Lejeunea cardoti—a fascinating liverwort that’s probably been hiding in plain sight during your woodland walks. This tiny green organism belongs to an ancient group of plants that have been quietly doing their ecological work for millions of years.

What Exactly is Lejeunea cardoti?

Lejeunea cardoti is a liverwort, which puts it in the same broad family as mosses and hornworts—collectively known as bryophytes. Think of liverworts as the understated cousins of the plant world. They’re always herbaceous (never woody) and have a particular talent for attaching themselves to solid surfaces like rocks, tree bark, or fallen logs rather than growing directly in soil.

Unlike the flowering plants that typically grab our attention in gardens, liverworts are non-vascular plants that absorb water and nutrients directly through their surfaces. They’re essentially living carpets that help create micro-ecosystems wherever they establish themselves.

Where You Might Encounter This Rare Species

Lejeunea cardoti is native to North America, but here’s where things get interesting—and a bit concerning. This little liverwort has a global conservation status that’s somewhat unclear (listed as S3?), but in Alabama, it’s ranked as S1, which means it’s critically rare in that state.

Why This Tiny Plant Matters

You might be thinking, Why should I care about something so small I can barely see it? Great question! Liverworts like Lejeunea cardoti play several important ecological roles:

  • They help retain moisture in their immediate environment
  • They provide habitat for microscopic organisms
  • They contribute to nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems
  • They serve as indicators of environmental health

How to Identify Lejeunea cardoti

Spotting this liverwort requires a keen eye and probably a magnifying glass. As a member of the Lejeunea genus, it likely forms small, flattened patches on tree bark or other surfaces. The exact identifying characteristics of L. cardoti specifically are not well-documented in popular literature, which speaks to just how specialized and rare this species is.

If you think you’ve found it, resist the urge to collect it. Instead, take photographs and consider reaching out to local botanists or natural history organizations who can help with proper identification.

The Rarity Factor: Look but Don’t Touch

Here’s the most important thing to know about Lejeunea cardoti: its rarity status means we should appreciate it from a distance. With its S1 status in Alabama, this liverwort is considered critically imperiled in that region. This is a species that deserves our respect and protection rather than our attempts at cultivation.

If you’re interested in liverworts for your garden or landscape, consider focusing on more common species that can be ethically sourced or naturally encouraged rather than seeking out rare specimens like L. cardoti.

Supporting Liverwort Communities in Your Landscape

While you shouldn’t attempt to cultivate rare species like Lejeunea cardoti, you can create conditions that support liverwort communities in general:

  • Maintain areas with consistent moisture
  • Preserve fallen logs and natural debris
  • Avoid using pesticides and chemicals
  • Keep some shaded areas in your landscape
  • Allow natural surfaces like stone and wood to remain undisturbed

The Bigger Picture

Encountering rare species like Lejeunea cardoti reminds us that biodiversity exists at every scale—from the towering trees that dominate our landscapes down to the microscopic communities living on their bark. These tiny organisms are threads in the complex web of life, and their rarity serves as a reminder of how much we still have to learn about the natural world around us.

So the next time you’re in a North American forest, take a moment to look closely at the tree trunks and fallen logs around you. You might not spot Lejeunea cardoti specifically, but you’ll likely discover a whole world of bryophytes quietly doing their part to keep ecosystems healthy and functioning.

Lejeunea Cardoti

Classification

Group

Liverwort

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom
Superdivision
Division

Hepaticophyta - Liverworts

Subdivision

Hepaticae

Class

Hepaticopsida

Subclass

Jungermanniae

Order

Jungermanniales

Family

Lejeuneaceae Rostovzev

Genus

Lejeunea Lib., nom. cons.

Species

Lejeunea cardoti Steph.

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA