North America Native Plant

Lejeunea Autoica

Botanical name: Lejeunea autoica

USDA symbol: LEAU15

Habit: nonvascular

Native status: Native to North America  

Lejeunea autoica: A Critically Rare North American Liverwort Meet one of North America’s most elusive botanical treasures: Lejeunea autoica. If you’ve never heard of this tiny green plant, you’re not alone – this critically rare liverwort is so uncommon that most gardeners will never encounter it in the wild, let ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S1: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘

Lejeunea autoica: A Critically Rare North American Liverwort

Meet one of North America’s most elusive botanical treasures: Lejeunea autoica. If you’ve never heard of this tiny green plant, you’re not alone – this critically rare liverwort is so uncommon that most gardeners will never encounter it in the wild, let alone in their backyards.

What Exactly Is a Liverwort?

Before we dive into the specifics of Lejeunea autoica, let’s talk about what liverworts are. These fascinating little plants belong to an ancient group of terrestrial green plants that includes mosses and hornworts. Think of them as some of the earth’s original ground-huggers – they’re always herbaceous and have a knack for clinging to solid surfaces like rocks, tree bark, or fallen logs rather than growing in soil like most plants we’re familiar with.

Liverworts are incredibly small and often overlooked, but they play important roles in their ecosystems as pioneers and moisture regulators.

Where Does Lejeunea autoica Call Home?

This native North American species has an extremely limited range, though the exact geographical distribution remains somewhat mysterious due to its rarity. What we do know is that it’s native to our continent, making it a legitimate part of North America’s natural heritage.

The Reality of Rarity

Here’s where things get serious: Lejeunea autoica has a Global Conservation Status of S1, which translates to Critically Imperiled. This means we’re talking about a species with typically five or fewer known occurrences and fewer than 1,000 remaining individuals. In botanical terms, this is about as rare as it gets.

This extreme rarity means that Lejeunea autoica faces a very real risk of extinction due to its tiny population size and vulnerability to environmental changes.

Is This Liverwort Beneficial for Your Garden?

While Lejeunea autoica isn’t something you can purchase at your local nursery or intentionally cultivate in your garden, liverworts in general do provide some benefits to natural ecosystems:

  • They help retain moisture in their immediate environment
  • They can serve as indicators of good air quality
  • They provide habitat for microscopic organisms
  • They help prevent soil erosion on small scales

However, due to its critical rarity, this particular species requires very specific microhabitat conditions that are nearly impossible to replicate in managed landscapes.

How to Identify Lejeunea autoica

Honestly, identifying this liverwort requires significant expertise and likely a microscope. Liverworts in the Lejeunea genus are typically:

  • Extremely small (often measured in millimeters)
  • Form thin, green, leaf-like structures
  • Attach to bark, rocks, or decaying wood
  • Have a somewhat translucent appearance

If you think you’ve spotted something that might be Lejeunea autoica, it’s best to contact local botanists or your state’s natural heritage program – your discovery could be scientifically significant!

Conservation Matters

Given its critically imperiled status, Lejeunea autoica serves as a reminder that not all native plants are suitable for home cultivation. Sometimes the best way we can support native species is by protecting their remaining wild habitats and supporting conservation efforts.

If you’re interested in supporting native bryophytes (the group that includes liverworts, mosses, and hornworts) in your landscape, consider creating habitat for more common species by maintaining areas with natural moisture, avoiding chemical treatments, and preserving natural surfaces like rocks and fallen logs where these tiny plants can thrive.

While you won’t be planting Lejeunea autoica in your garden anytime soon, knowing about these critically rare species helps us appreciate the incredible diversity of plant life that calls North America home – and reminds us why protecting natural habitats is so important.

Lejeunea Autoica

Classification

Group

Liverwort

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom
Superdivision
Division

Hepaticophyta - Liverworts

Subdivision

Hepaticae

Class

Hepaticopsida

Subclass

Jungermanniae

Order

Jungermanniales

Family

Lejeuneaceae Rostovzev

Genus

Lejeunea Lib., nom. cons.

Species

Lejeunea autoica R.M. Schust.

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA