North America Native Plant

Leiberg’s Clover

Botanical name: Trifolium leibergii

USDA symbol: TRLE

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Leiberg’s Clover: A Rare Western Native Worth Protecting If you’re passionate about native plants and conservation, you might be intrigued by Leiberg’s clover (Trifolium leibergii) – but there’s an important catch. This little-known perennial forb is one of the rarest clovers in North America, making it both fascinating and critically ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S2: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘

Leiberg’s Clover: A Rare Western Native Worth Protecting

If you’re passionate about native plants and conservation, you might be intrigued by Leiberg’s clover (Trifolium leibergii) – but there’s an important catch. This little-known perennial forb is one of the rarest clovers in North America, making it both fascinating and critically important to protect.

What Makes Leiberg’s Clover Special?

Leiberg’s clover is a native perennial that belongs to the legume family, just like your garden peas and beans. As a forb, it’s an herbaceous plant without woody stems, sporting the classic three-leaflet clover appearance we all recognize. What sets it apart from common lawn clover is its extreme rarity and specialized habitat needs.

This unassuming plant produces small white to pinkish flowers that bloom in clusters, creating a delicate carpet effect when growing in groups. The trifoliate leaves are typical of the clover family, giving it that familiar lucky shamrock look.

Where Does It Call Home?

Leiberg’s clover has a very limited native range, found only in Nevada and Oregon. This restricted distribution is part of what makes it so rare and vulnerable. The plant likely evolved in specific mountain ecosystems where conditions were just right for its survival.

A Conservation Concern

Here’s where things get serious: Leiberg’s clover has a Global Conservation Status of S2, meaning it’s imperiled. With only 6 to 20 known occurrences and possibly fewer than 3,000 individual plants remaining in the wild, this species is walking a tightrope toward extinction.

What does this mean for gardeners? If you’re considering adding this rare beauty to your landscape, proceed with extreme caution and responsibility.

Should You Grow Leiberg’s Clover?

The short answer is: only if you can source it responsibly. Never collect seeds or plants from wild populations – this could push already struggling populations over the edge. Instead, look for:

  • Certified nurseries specializing in rare native plants
  • Conservation organizations with propagation programs
  • Botanical gardens that may offer ethically propagated seeds
  • University research programs focused on plant conservation

If you can’t find responsibly sourced Leiberg’s clover, consider planting other native clover species that provide similar benefits without conservation concerns.

Growing Conditions and Care

While detailed growing information is limited due to the plant’s rarity, Leiberg’s clover likely thrives in conditions similar to its mountain habitat:

  • Sunlight: Full sun to partial shade
  • Soil: Well-draining soils, possibly rocky or sandy
  • Water: Drought tolerant once established
  • USDA Zones: Likely 5-8, based on its native range
  • Maintenance: Minimal care required

Benefits for Pollinators and Wildlife

Like other native clovers, Leiberg’s clover likely provides important nectar for native bees, butterflies, and other pollinators. As a legume, it also fixes nitrogen in the soil, improving growing conditions for neighboring plants. However, given its rarity, its current ecological impact is unfortunately minimal.

Landscape Design Ideas

If you’re fortunate enough to obtain responsibly sourced Leiberg’s clover, it would work beautifully in:

  • Native plant gardens focused on Western species
  • Rock gardens or xeriscapes
  • Conservation-focused landscapes
  • Restoration projects (with proper permits)

The Bottom Line

Leiberg’s clover represents both the beauty and fragility of our native plant heritage. While it’s not readily available for most home gardeners, learning about rare species like this one helps us appreciate the incredible diversity we’re working to protect.

If you’re inspired by this little clover’s story, consider supporting native plant conservation efforts in your area, or choose other native clover species that can provide similar garden benefits without conservation concerns. Every native plant we grow – common or rare – helps support the web of life that makes our ecosystems thrive.

Leiberg’s Clover

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Fabales

Family

Fabaceae Lindl. - Pea family

Genus

Trifolium L. - clover

Species

Trifolium leibergii A. Nelson & J.F. Macbr. - Leiberg's clover

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA