North America Native Plant

Leatherleaf Eelvine

Botanical name: Symphysia racemosa

USDA symbol: SYRA

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: vine

Native status: Native to Puerto Rico  

Synonyms: Hornemannia racemosa Vahl (HORA2)  âš˜  Thibaudia krugii Urb. & Hoerold (THKR)  âš˜  Vaccinium racemosum (Vahl) Wilbur & Luteyn (VARA2)   

Leatherleaf Eelvine: A Rare Puerto Rican Native Worth Knowing About If you’re passionate about native plants and love the idea of growing something truly unique, you might have stumbled across leatherleaf eelvine (Symphysia racemosa). This fascinating shrub is one of Puerto Rico’s native treasures, though it’s not exactly what you’d ...

Leatherleaf Eelvine: A Rare Puerto Rican Native Worth Knowing About

If you’re passionate about native plants and love the idea of growing something truly unique, you might have stumbled across leatherleaf eelvine (Symphysia racemosa). This fascinating shrub is one of Puerto Rico’s native treasures, though it’s not exactly what you’d call a common garden center find. Let’s dive into what makes this plant special and whether it might have a place in your landscape.

What Is Leatherleaf Eelvine?

Leatherleaf eelvine, scientifically known as Symphysia racemosa, is a perennial shrub that calls Puerto Rico home. Like most shrubs, it’s a multi-stemmed woody plant that typically stays under 13-16 feet tall, though it can sometimes surprise you by growing taller or developing a single stem depending on its growing conditions.

This plant goes by a few different names in botanical circles, including some tongue-twisting synonyms like Hornemannia racemosa and Thibaudia krugii. But let’s stick with the friendlier leatherleaf eelvine for our purposes!

Where Does It Grow Naturally?

Leatherleaf eelvine is exclusively native to Puerto Rico, making it a true island endemic. You won’t find this plant growing wild anywhere else in the world, which makes it pretty special from a conservation standpoint.

In its natural habitat, this shrub has what botanists call a facultative wetland status in the Caribbean region. This means it usually prefers wetland areas but can occasionally pop up in drier locations too. Think of it as a plant that likes to keep its options open!

Should You Try Growing Leatherleaf Eelvine?

Here’s where things get a bit tricky. While leatherleaf eelvine sounds like an intriguing addition to any Puerto Rican native plant garden, there are some important considerations:

  • Availability: This isn’t a plant you’ll find at your local nursery. Its rarity means finding seeds or plants requires serious detective work.
  • Growing information: Unfortunately, detailed cultivation requirements for this species are largely unknown, making it a challenging plant for most gardeners.
  • Conservation concerns: As a rare endemic species, any cultivation should only be done with responsibly sourced material to avoid impacting wild populations.

What We Know About Growing Conditions

Given its facultative wetland status, leatherleaf eelvine likely prefers:

  • Moist to wet soil conditions
  • Areas with consistent moisture availability
  • Possibly partial shade, though this is speculation based on its wetland preference

Unfortunately, specific details about soil pH preferences, fertilization needs, pruning requirements, and propagation methods remain mysteries. This lack of horticultural information makes it more of a plant for serious native plant enthusiasts and researchers rather than casual gardeners.

The Bottom Line

Leatherleaf eelvine represents the kind of unique biodiversity that makes Puerto Rico’s flora so special. However, its rarity and the lack of established growing information make it impractical for most home gardeners. If you’re interested in supporting Puerto Rican native plants, consider focusing on better-documented species that are available through reputable native plant suppliers.

For wetland gardens or moisture-loving native plant enthusiasts in Puerto Rico, there are likely other endemic species with better-known cultivation requirements that could provide similar ecological benefits while being more practical to grow successfully.

Remember, when it comes to rare native plants like leatherleaf eelvine, sometimes the best thing we can do is protect their natural habitats and support conservation efforts rather than attempting to cultivate them in our gardens.

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Caribbean

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Leatherleaf Eelvine

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Dilleniidae

Order

Ericales

Family

Ericaceae Juss. - Heath family

Genus

Symphysia C. Presl - symphysia

Species

Symphysia racemosa (Vahl) Stearn - leatherleaf eelvine

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA