North America Native Plant

Leatherleaf Cyanea

Botanical name: Cyanea coriacea

USDA symbol: CYCO13

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to Hawaii  

Leatherleaf Cyanea: A Rare Hawaiian Treasure Worth Protecting If you’re passionate about native Hawaiian plants and conservation gardening, you’ve probably heard whispers about the stunning leatherleaf cyanea (Cyanea coriacea). This remarkable endemic species is like finding a botanical unicorn – absolutely breathtaking when you encounter it, but increasingly rare in ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘

Leatherleaf Cyanea: A Rare Hawaiian Treasure Worth Protecting

If you’re passionate about native Hawaiian plants and conservation gardening, you’ve probably heard whispers about the stunning leatherleaf cyanea (Cyanea coriacea). This remarkable endemic species is like finding a botanical unicorn – absolutely breathtaking when you encounter it, but increasingly rare in the wild.

What Makes Leatherleaf Cyanea Special?

Picture this: a dramatic, palm-like plant with thick, leathery leaves arranged in perfect rosettes, topped with the most unusual curved flowers you’ve ever seen. The tubular blooms, typically purple or blue, curve like elegant parentheses and are unlike anything you’ll find in your typical garden center. It’s no wonder this perennial shrub captures the hearts of native plant enthusiasts!

Where Does It Call Home?

Leatherleaf cyanea is proudly Hawaiian through and through – it’s endemic to the Hawaiian islands and grows nowhere else on Earth. You’ll find it naturally occurring in the mesic and wet forests of Hawaii, where it thrives in the dappled light beneath the forest canopy.

A Word of Caution: This Beauty Is Vulnerable

Here’s where things get serious, fellow plant lovers. Cyanea coriacea has a Global Conservation Status of S3, meaning it’s considered vulnerable. With typically only 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals remaining, this species is teetering on the edge. Habitat loss and invasive species have taken their toll on this Hawaiian treasure.

If you’re considering adding leatherleaf cyanea to your garden, please – and I cannot stress this enough – only source it from reputable nurseries that propagate plants responsibly. Never collect from wild populations!

Is Leatherleaf Cyanea Right for Your Garden?

This isn’t your average backyard plant, and that’s part of its charm. Leatherleaf cyanea is perfect for:

  • Tropical and subtropical gardens (USDA zones 10-12)
  • Hawaiian native plant collections
  • Shade gardens needing a dramatic focal point
  • Conservation-minded landscapes
  • Protected courtyards or greenhouses in cooler climates

Growing Conditions: Recreating Paradise

Think Hawaiian rainforest, and you’ll understand what this plant craves:

  • Light: Partial to full shade – direct sunlight will stress this forest dweller
  • Humidity: High humidity is essential; mist regularly if growing indoors
  • Soil: Well-draining but consistently moist, rich organic matter
  • Water: Keep soil evenly moist but not waterlogged
  • Temperature: Warm and stable; protect from cold drafts and frost
  • Wind: Shelter from strong winds that can damage the large leaves

Planting and Care Tips

Growing leatherleaf cyanea is like caring for a piece of living Hawaiian heritage:

  • Plant in a sheltered location with morning light and afternoon shade
  • Mulch around the base to retain moisture and suppress weeds
  • Feed monthly during growing season with a balanced, organic fertilizer
  • Remove spent flowers and damaged leaves regularly
  • Watch for signs of stress like yellowing leaves (usually indicates too much sun or inconsistent watering)

Supporting Native Pollinators

Those uniquely curved flowers aren’t just for show – they’re perfectly designed for Hawaiian honeycreepers and other native birds. By growing leatherleaf cyanea, you’re supporting the complex web of native Hawaiian species that depend on each other for survival.

The Bottom Line

Leatherleaf cyanea is not a plant for casual gardeners or impulse buyers. It’s a commitment to conservation, a living piece of Hawaiian natural heritage that requires dedication and respect. If you have the right growing conditions and can source plants responsibly, growing this vulnerable species is both a privilege and a responsibility.

Remember, every plant we grow in cultivation is potentially one more step away from extinction for this remarkable species. Just make sure you’re part of the solution, not the problem, by choosing responsibly propagated plants from ethical sources.

Leatherleaf Cyanea

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Campanulales

Family

Campanulaceae Juss. - Bellflower family

Genus

Cyanea Gaudich. - cyanea

Species

Cyanea coriacea (A. Gray) Hillebr. - leatherleaf cyanea

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA