North America Native Plant

Leafflower

Botanical name: Phyllanthus

USDA symbol: PHYLL

Life cycle: annual

Habit: vine

Native status: It's either native or not native in Hawaii âš˜ It's either native or not native in the lower 48 states âš˜ It's either native or not native in Navassa Island âš˜ It's either native or not native in Pacific Basin excluding Hawaii âš˜ It's either native or not native in Puerto Rico âš˜ It's either native or not native in the U.S. Virgin Islands  

Leafflower (Phyllanthus): A Mysterious Garden Companion If you’ve stumbled across the name leafflower or Phyllanthus in your gardening adventures, you might be scratching your head wondering what exactly this plant is all about. Don’t worry – you’re not alone! This genus is a bit of a puzzle piece in the ...

Leafflower (Phyllanthus): A Mysterious Garden Companion

If you’ve stumbled across the name leafflower or Phyllanthus in your gardening adventures, you might be scratching your head wondering what exactly this plant is all about. Don’t worry – you’re not alone! This genus is a bit of a puzzle piece in the gardening world, and today we’re going to explore what makes it tick.

What is Leafflower?

Leafflower belongs to the genus Phyllanthus, and it’s what botanists call a forb or herb. Think of it as a vascular plant that doesn’t develop significant woody tissue – it’s more soft-stemmed than tree-like. These plants can be either annual (living for just one growing season) or perennial (coming back year after year), but they all share that non-woody characteristic that keeps them in the herbaceous category.

Where Does Leafflower Grow?

Here’s where things get interesting – leafflower has quite the travel resume! You can find various species of Phyllanthus growing across a remarkably wide range of states and territories. From Alabama to West Virginia, and from Arizona to the Virgin Islands, these adaptable plants have made themselves at home in diverse climates and conditions.

The geographic distribution includes: Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, New Mexico, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia, Palau, Puerto Rico, U.S. Minor Outlying Islands, Virgin Islands, and Navassa Island.

The Native Status Mystery

Here’s where leafflower becomes a bit of an enigma. The native status of Phyllanthus is currently undefined across all regions where it’s found. This means we don’t have clear information about whether these plants are originally from North America or if they’ve been introduced from elsewhere. It’s like having a houseguest whose origins you can’t quite pin down!

Should You Grow Leafflower?

The decision to grow leafflower comes with some considerations:

  • Limited information: With undefined native status and unknown invasive potential, it’s hard to make definitive recommendations
  • Wide distribution: The fact that it grows across so many states suggests it’s quite adaptable
  • Herbaceous nature: As a non-woody plant, it won’t dominate your landscape like a shrub or tree might

Growing Conditions and Care

Unfortunately, specific growing conditions, USDA hardiness zones, and care instructions for the general Phyllanthus genus aren’t well-documented in available resources. This genus contains hundreds of species with varying needs, making broad generalizations difficult.

If you’re interested in growing leafflower, your best bet is to:

  • Contact your local extension office for region-specific advice
  • Start with a small trial planting to observe how it performs in your garden
  • Monitor the plant’s behavior to ensure it doesn’t spread aggressively

The Bottom Line

Leafflower presents an interesting case study in the world of native gardening. With its undefined native status and limited available information, it falls into that gray area where caution and curiosity should go hand in hand. While we can’t definitively recommend for or against planting it, we also can’t label it as problematic.

If you’re drawn to experimenting with lesser-known plants and don’t mind a bit of gardening mystery, leafflower might be worth a careful try. Just remember to keep a close eye on how it behaves in your garden and be prepared to make adjustments if needed.

For gardeners who prefer well-documented native options, consider consulting your local native plant society for alternatives that are definitively native to your specific region. Sometimes the most rewarding garden discoveries come from the plants we know the most about!

Leafflower

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Euphorbiales

Family

Euphorbiaceae Juss. - Spurge family

Genus

Phyllanthus L. - leafflower

Species

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA