North America Native Plant

Laurel Sassafras

Botanical name: Ocotea nemodaphne

USDA symbol: OCNE

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: tree

Native status: Native to Puerto Rico  

Synonyms: Ocotea cuneata (Griseb.) Urb. (OCCU)   

Discovering Laurel Sassafras: A Hidden Gem of Puerto Rico’s Native Trees Meet the laurel sassafras (Ocotea nemodaphne), one of Puerto Rico’s lesser-known native tree treasures. If you’re passionate about native plants and happen to garden in tropical climates, this intriguing species might just pique your curiosity—though it comes with its ...

Discovering Laurel Sassafras: A Hidden Gem of Puerto Rico’s Native Trees

Meet the laurel sassafras (Ocotea nemodaphne), one of Puerto Rico’s lesser-known native tree treasures. If you’re passionate about native plants and happen to garden in tropical climates, this intriguing species might just pique your curiosity—though it comes with its fair share of mysteries.

What Exactly Is Laurel Sassafras?

Laurel sassafras is a perennial tree that belongs to the laurel family, known scientifically as Ocotea nemodaphne. Like other members of its family, it’s a woody plant that develops a single trunk and typically grows taller than 13-16 feet, though under certain environmental conditions, it might develop a more compact, multi-stemmed form.

You might also encounter this species listed under its botanical synonym, Ocotea cuneata, in older reference materials.

Where Does It Call Home?

This native tree is exclusively found in Puerto Rico, making it a true regional specialty. Its natural habitat speaks to the incredible biodiversity that makes Caribbean islands such botanical hotspots.

The Wetland Connection

Here’s where things get interesting: laurel sassafras has a facultative wetland status in the Caribbean region. This means it’s quite the adaptable character—usually hanging out in wetland areas but perfectly capable of thriving in drier conditions too. Think of it as the tree equivalent of someone who’s equally comfortable at a pool party or a desert hike.

Should You Consider Growing Laurel Sassafras?

If you’re gardening in Puerto Rico or similar tropical climates and have a passion for native species, laurel sassafras could be a fascinating addition to your landscape. However, there are several important considerations:

The Reality Check

  • Limited availability: As a native Puerto Rican species with limited cultivation history, finding this tree for purchase will likely be challenging
  • Mysterious growing requirements: Specific care instructions, preferred soil types, and detailed growing conditions aren’t well-documented
  • Climate specificity: This tree is adapted to tropical Caribbean conditions and won’t survive in temperate climates

The Potential Benefits

  • True native status: Supporting genuine native species helps preserve local ecosystems
  • Adaptability: Its facultative wetland status suggests it might handle varying moisture conditions
  • Conservation value: Growing native species helps maintain genetic diversity

Growing Tips (Based on What We Know)

Given the limited information available about cultivating laurel sassafras, here’s what we can reasonably infer:

  • Climate needs: Tropical conditions similar to Puerto Rico’s natural environment
  • Moisture tolerance: Likely handles both wet and moderately dry conditions based on its wetland status
  • Space requirements: Plan for a full-sized tree that will need adequate room to grow
  • Sourcing: Work with local native plant societies or botanical institutions if you’re serious about obtaining this species

The Bottom Line

Laurel sassafras represents the fascinating world of regional native species—plants that are perfectly adapted to their specific homes but remain largely unknown to the broader gardening world. While it’s not the easiest tree to find or grow, it offers the unique satisfaction of cultivating something truly special and locally native.

If you’re in Puerto Rico and passionate about native species, consider reaching out to local botanists, native plant societies, or conservation organizations. They might be your best bet for learning more about this intriguing tree and possibly even finding a source.

For gardeners elsewhere looking for native alternatives, focus on trees native to your specific region—every area has its own version of hidden botanical gems waiting to be discovered and appreciated.

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Caribbean

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Laurel Sassafras

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Magnoliidae

Order

Laurales

Family

Lauraceae Juss. - Laurel family

Genus

Ocotea Aubl. - sweetwood

Species

Ocotea nemodaphne Mez - laurel sassafras

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA