North America Native Plant

Largeleaf Thoroughwort

Botanical name: Hebeclinium macrophyllum

USDA symbol: HEMA9

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: subshrub

Native status: Native to Puerto Rico âš˜ Native to the U.S. Virgin Islands  

Synonyms: Eupatorium macrophyllum L. (EUMA17)   

Largeleaf Thoroughwort: A Caribbean Native Worth Knowing If you’re gardening in the Caribbean or looking for native plants with an interesting story, largeleaf thoroughwort (Hebeclinium macrophyllum) might just capture your attention. This lesser-known perennial herb brings a touch of wild authenticity to gardens while supporting the local ecosystem in its ...

Largeleaf Thoroughwort: A Caribbean Native Worth Knowing

If you’re gardening in the Caribbean or looking for native plants with an interesting story, largeleaf thoroughwort (Hebeclinium macrophyllum) might just capture your attention. This lesser-known perennial herb brings a touch of wild authenticity to gardens while supporting the local ecosystem in its native range.

What Is Largeleaf Thoroughwort?

Largeleaf thoroughwort is a perennial forb—basically a non-woody flowering plant that comes back year after year. As its common name suggests, this plant is characterized by its notably large leaves. It belongs to the same plant family that gave us many beloved garden flowers, and you might see it listed under its former scientific name, Eupatorium macrophyllum.

Unlike shrubs or trees, this herb lacks significant woody tissue and keeps its growing points at or near ground level, making it a true herbaceous perennial that dies back and regrows from its base.

Where Does It Call Home?

This native beauty calls the Caribbean islands home, specifically Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. It’s one of those special plants that evolved in this tropical paradise and nowhere else on Earth, making it a true regional treasure.

The Wetland Connection

Here’s where largeleaf thoroughwort gets interesting from an ecological standpoint. It’s classified as a facultative wetland plant, which is a fancy way of saying it’s equally happy with wet feet or drier conditions. You’ll usually find it hanging out in wetland areas, but don’t be surprised to spot it in drier locations too. This adaptability makes it a great choice for gardens with varying moisture levels.

Why Consider Growing It?

While largeleaf thoroughwort isn’t as well-documented as some of its more famous cousins, there are several compelling reasons to consider it:

  • Native authenticity: If you’re gardening in Puerto Rico or the U.S. Virgin Islands, this plant belongs in your landscape
  • Adaptable nature: Its wetland status suggests it can handle both moist and moderately dry conditions
  • Low maintenance: As a perennial, it should return year after year with minimal fuss
  • Ecological value: Native plants typically support local wildlife better than non-natives

The Growing Challenge

Here’s the honest truth: largeleaf thoroughwort is something of a mystery plant in horticultural circles. Specific growing information, care requirements, and availability are limited. This could be both frustrating and exciting, depending on how you look at it.

If you’re in its native range and want to try growing this plant, your best bet is to:

  • Look for it in local native plant sales or specialty nurseries
  • Observe where it grows naturally in your area
  • Mimic those natural conditions in your garden
  • Start with a small trial area before committing to larger plantings

What We Don’t Know (Yet)

The botanical world still has much to learn about largeleaf thoroughwort’s garden potential. We don’t have detailed information about its mature size, growth rate, flower characteristics, or specific care requirements. This makes it more of an adventure plant for the curious gardener willing to experiment.

The Bottom Line

Largeleaf thoroughwort represents the kind of native plant that deserves more attention and study. If you’re gardening in Puerto Rico or the U.S. Virgin Islands and come across this species, consider giving it a try—especially if you have areas with variable moisture conditions.

While we wait for more horticultural information to emerge, remember that choosing native plants like largeleaf thoroughwort helps preserve the unique character of Caribbean ecosystems. Sometimes the most rewarding gardening experiences come from working with lesser-known species that connect us more deeply to the natural world around us.

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Caribbean

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Largeleaf Thoroughwort

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Asterales

Family

Asteraceae Bercht. & J. Presl - Aster family

Genus

Hebeclinium DC. - thoroughwort

Species

Hebeclinium macrophyllum (L.) DC. - largeleaf thoroughwort

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA