North America Native Plant

Largeleaf Lupine

Botanical name: Lupinus burkei caeruleomontanus

USDA symbol: LUBUC

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Largeleaf Lupine: Oregon’s Rare Native Beauty Meet the largeleaf lupine (Lupinus burkei caeruleomontanus), a native Oregon perennial that’s as intriguing as its lengthy scientific name suggests. This herbaceous wildflower belongs to the legume family and represents a unique regional variant found exclusively in the Pacific Northwest. Where Does Largeleaf Lupine ...

Largeleaf Lupine: Oregon’s Rare Native Beauty

Meet the largeleaf lupine (Lupinus burkei caeruleomontanus), a native Oregon perennial that’s as intriguing as its lengthy scientific name suggests. This herbaceous wildflower belongs to the legume family and represents a unique regional variant found exclusively in the Pacific Northwest.

Where Does Largeleaf Lupine Call Home?

This native beauty has a very limited range, calling only Oregon home within the United States. As a true Pacific Northwest endemic, largeleaf lupine has adapted to the specific conditions of this bioregion over thousands of years, making it a valuable piece of Oregon’s natural heritage.

What Makes This Plant Special?

Largeleaf lupine is a perennial forb, which means it’s an herbaceous plant that lacks woody stems but comes back year after year from its root system. Unlike shrubs or trees, this lupine dies back to the ground each winter and reemerges in spring with fresh growth.

As its common name suggests, this lupine is distinguished by its notably large leaves compared to other lupine species. Like other members of the lupine family, it likely produces the characteristic spikes of pea-like flowers that lupines are famous for.

Should You Plant Largeleaf Lupine?

Here’s where things get a bit complicated. While largeleaf lupine is undoubtedly a native treasure, its extremely limited distribution and lack of readily available information suggest this may be a rare plant that deserves special consideration.

If you’re interested in growing this lupine, please consider these important points:

  • Source plants only from reputable native plant nurseries that can verify ethical collection practices
  • Never collect seeds or plants from wild populations
  • Consider whether other, more common native lupines might better serve your garden’s needs
  • Contact local native plant societies or botanical gardens for guidance

Growing Conditions and Care

While specific growing requirements for largeleaf lupine aren’t well-documented, we can make educated guesses based on its native Oregon habitat and its relationship to other lupines:

  • Likely prefers well-draining soils, as most lupines do
  • Probably adapted to Oregon’s Mediterranean climate with wet winters and dry summers
  • As a legume, it can fix nitrogen in the soil, potentially improving soil fertility
  • May benefit from occasional summer water in garden settings

Alternative Native Lupines to Consider

If you’re drawn to the idea of growing native lupines but want something more readily available, consider these Pacific Northwest alternatives:

  • Bigleaf lupine (Lupinus polyphyllus) – widely available and showy
  • Silvery lupine (Lupinus argenteus) – drought-tolerant with beautiful foliage
  • Meadow lupine (Lupinus polyphyllus var. burkei) – the parent species of our featured plant

Supporting Native Plant Conservation

Whether or not you choose to grow largeleaf lupine, you can support native plant conservation by:

  • Choosing locally native plants for your landscape
  • Supporting native plant nurseries and conservation organizations
  • Learning to identify and appreciate native plants in the wild
  • Participating in citizen science projects that document plant populations

Largeleaf lupine reminds us that our native flora includes many hidden gems—plants that may not be flashy or well-known but are irreplaceable parts of our natural heritage. By gardening thoughtfully with natives, we can create beautiful landscapes while supporting the intricate web of life that makes the Pacific Northwest so special.

Largeleaf Lupine

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Fabales

Family

Fabaceae Lindl. - Pea family

Genus

Lupinus L. - lupine

Species

Lupinus burkei S. Watson - largeleaf lupine

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA