North America Native Plant

Lanceleaf Buckthorn

Botanical name: Rhamnus lanceolata

USDA symbol: RHLA

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Lanceleaf Buckthorn: A Hidden Gem for Your Native Garden If you’re looking to add a tough, undemanding native shrub to your landscape, meet the lanceleaf buckthorn (Rhamnus lanceolata). This understated beauty might not win any flashiness awards, but what it lacks in drama, it makes up for in reliability and ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Alabama

Status: S2: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘

Lanceleaf Buckthorn: A Hidden Gem for Your Native Garden

If you’re looking to add a tough, undemanding native shrub to your landscape, meet the lanceleaf buckthorn (Rhamnus lanceolata). This understated beauty might not win any flashiness awards, but what it lacks in drama, it makes up for in reliability and ecological value.

What Is Lanceleaf Buckthorn?

Lanceleaf buckthorn is a perennial, multi-stemmed woody shrub that typically grows less than 13-16 feet tall, though it usually stays much smaller in most garden settings. As a native plant species to the lower 48 states, it’s been quietly doing its job in American ecosystems long before we started thinking about native gardening.

Where Does It Naturally Grow?

This adaptable shrub has quite an impressive range across the United States. You’ll find it growing naturally in Alabama, Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia, and Wisconsin. That’s a pretty impressive resume for any plant!

Important Conservation Note

Before you start planning where to plant this shrub, here’s something important to know: lanceleaf buckthorn has a rarity status of S2 in Alabama, meaning it’s considered imperiled in that state. If you’re interested in growing this plant, please make sure you source it from reputable native plant nurseries that propagate their own stock rather than collecting from wild populations.

Why Choose Lanceleaf Buckthorn for Your Garden?

Here’s where this humble shrub really shines:

  • Extremely adaptable: It can handle both wetland and upland conditions, making it perfect for those tricky spots in your yard
  • Low maintenance: Once established, it’s quite drought tolerant and doesn’t need much fussing
  • Wildlife friendly: The small flowers provide nectar for various small insects and flies, while the dark berries offer food for birds
  • Erosion control: Great for slopes or areas where you need something to hold the soil
  • Native authenticity: You’re supporting local ecosystems by choosing a truly native species

What to Expect Aesthetically

Let’s be honest – lanceleaf buckthorn isn’t going to stop traffic with its looks. It features oval to lance-shaped leaves and produces small, inconspicuous greenish flowers in spring. The real visual interest comes in fall when it produces small dark berries. Think of it as the reliable friend of the plant world – not the flashiest, but always there when you need it.

Where to Use It in Your Landscape

Lanceleaf buckthorn works beautifully in:

  • Native plant gardens as an understory shrub
  • Woodland gardens where you want something natural-looking
  • Restoration projects
  • Areas that fluctuate between wet and dry conditions
  • Slopes that need erosion control
  • Mixed shrub borders where you want native diversity

Growing Conditions and Care

Here’s the good news: lanceleaf buckthorn is refreshingly undemanding. It thrives in USDA hardiness zones 4-8, which covers most of the continental United States. The plant is remarkably adaptable when it comes to moisture levels – its wetland status varies by region, from facultative (can handle wet or dry) in some areas to facultative wetland (prefers wet but tolerates dry) in others.

For best results:

  • Light: Partial shade to full sun
  • Soil: Adaptable to various soil types, even tolerates poor soils
  • Water: Drought tolerant once established, but can also handle periodic flooding
  • Maintenance: Minimal – just prune in late winter if you need to shape it

The Bottom Line

Lanceleaf buckthorn might not be the showstopper of your garden, but it’s exactly the kind of dependable native plant that forms the backbone of healthy ecosystems. If you have a spot that needs a low-maintenance, adaptable shrub that supports local wildlife, this could be your plant. Just remember to source it responsibly, especially if you’re in Alabama where it’s considered rare.

Sometimes the best garden additions are the ones that quietly do their job while supporting the bigger picture – and that’s exactly what lanceleaf buckthorn does best.

Lanceleaf Buckthorn

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Rhamnales

Family

Rhamnaceae Juss. - Buckthorn family

Genus

Rhamnus L. - buckthorn

Species

Rhamnus lanceolata Pursh - lanceleaf buckthorn

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA