North America Native Plant

Koolau Range Papala

Botanical name: Charpentiera ovata var. niuensis

USDA symbol: CHOVN

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to Hawaii  

Koolau Range Papala: A Rare Hawaiian Native Worth Protecting If you’re passionate about native Hawaiian plants and conservation, the Koolau Range papala (Charpentiera ovata var. niuensis) might just capture your heart. This unique shrub is more than just another pretty face in the garden – it’s a piece of Hawaii’s ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3T2: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘

Koolau Range Papala: A Rare Hawaiian Native Worth Protecting

If you’re passionate about native Hawaiian plants and conservation, the Koolau Range papala (Charpentiera ovata var. niuensis) might just capture your heart. This unique shrub is more than just another pretty face in the garden – it’s a piece of Hawaii’s natural heritage that deserves our attention and protection.

What Makes This Plant Special?

The Koolau Range papala is a perennial shrub that typically grows as a multi-stemmed woody plant, usually staying under 13 to 16 feet tall. What makes this plant truly special is its rarity and endemic status – it’s found naturally only in the Koolau Range on the island of Oahu in Hawaii.

Important Conservation Note: This plant has a Global Conservation Status of S3T2, indicating it’s quite rare. If you’re considering adding this beauty to your garden, please ensure you source it responsibly from reputable native plant nurseries or conservation programs.

Where Does It Come From?

This endemic Hawaiian treasure calls the Koolau Range home, making it exclusive to Hawaii’s unique island ecosystem. As a true native, it has evolved specifically to thrive in Hawaiian conditions over thousands of years.

Why Grow Koolau Range Papala?

Here are compelling reasons why this rare native deserves a spot in your Hawaiian garden:

  • Conservation impact: Growing native species helps preserve Hawaii’s unique flora
  • Ecosystem support: Provides habitat and food sources for native Hawaiian wildlife
  • Low maintenance: Once established, native plants typically require less water and care
  • Authentic beauty: Adds genuine Hawaiian character to your landscape
  • Educational value: A living example of Hawaii’s rare botanical heritage

Perfect Garden Settings

The Koolau Range papala works beautifully in:

  • Native Hawaiian restoration gardens
  • Understory plantings beneath taller native trees
  • Conservation-focused landscapes
  • Educational or botanical gardens
  • Shaded woodland gardens

Growing Conditions and Care

Success with this rare native requires understanding its natural habitat preferences:

Climate: Thrives in USDA hardiness zones 10-12, preferring Hawaii’s tropical conditions with consistent temperatures and humidity.

Light: Prefers partial shade to full shade, mimicking its natural understory habitat in Hawaiian forests.

Soil: Needs well-draining, moist soil that doesn’t become waterlogged. A rich, organic soil similar to forest floors works best.

Water: Requires consistent moisture but not soggy conditions. Regular watering during dry periods is essential.

Planting and Care Tips

To give your Koolau Range papala the best start:

  • Plant in a protected location away from strong trade winds
  • Mulch around the base to retain moisture and suppress weeds
  • Water regularly during establishment, then as needed to maintain soil moisture
  • Avoid fertilizing heavily – natives typically prefer lean soils
  • Prune only if necessary to maintain shape or remove damaged growth

A Word About Responsible Growing

Because the Koolau Range papala is rare, it’s crucial to source plants responsibly. Never collect from wild populations, and always purchase from reputable native plant nurseries or participate in legitimate conservation programs. By growing this species responsibly, you’re contributing to its preservation rather than its decline.

The Koolau Range papala represents the incredible diversity of Hawaii’s native flora. While it may require a bit more effort to source and establish than common garden plants, the reward of growing this rare Hawaiian endemic makes it a worthwhile addition for any conservation-minded gardener lucky enough to live in Hawaii’s tropical climate.

Koolau Range Papala

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Caryophyllidae

Order

Caryophyllales

Family

Amaranthaceae Martinov - Amaranth family

Genus

Charpentiera Gaudich. - papala

Species

Charpentiera ovata Gaudich. - Koolau Range papala

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA