North America Native Plant

Keystone Hawthorn

Botanical name: Crataegus tanuphylla

USDA symbol: CRTA2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Keystone Hawthorn: A Rare Native Shrub Worth Knowing About Meet the keystone hawthorn (Crataegus tanuphylla), a lesser-known member of the hawthorn family that calls a small corner of America home. If you’ve never heard of this native shrub, you’re not alone – it’s one of those botanical mysteries that keeps ...

Keystone Hawthorn: A Rare Native Shrub Worth Knowing About

Meet the keystone hawthorn (Crataegus tanuphylla), a lesser-known member of the hawthorn family that calls a small corner of America home. If you’ve never heard of this native shrub, you’re not alone – it’s one of those botanical mysteries that keeps plant enthusiasts on their toes!

What Exactly Is Keystone Hawthorn?

Keystone hawthorn is a perennial shrub that fits the classic definition of what makes hawthorns special. As a multi-stemmed woody plant, it typically grows to less than 13-16 feet in height, though like many shrubs, it can occasionally surprise you by growing taller or developing a single stem under the right conditions.

This native beauty belongs exclusively to the United States, specifically calling Ohio and Pennsylvania home. Its limited range makes it a true regional treasure – think of it as nature’s way of giving these states their own special botanical signature.

The Mystery of Limited Information

Here’s where things get interesting (and a bit puzzling): despite being a native species, reliable information about keystone hawthorn is surprisingly scarce. This could mean several things:

  • It might be an extremely rare species with limited populations
  • It could be a recently classified or reclassified species
  • There may be taxonomic questions surrounding its identification

Should You Plant Keystone Hawthorn?

The short answer is: proceed with extreme caution. Given the limited information available and its restricted native range, this isn’t a plant you’ll likely find at your local nursery. If you’re gardening in Ohio or Pennsylvania and are curious about this species, here’s what you should know:

A Word of Caution for Gardeners

Before even considering adding keystone hawthorn to your landscape, it’s crucial to:

  • Consult with local botanists or native plant societies
  • Verify proper identification through expert sources
  • Ensure any plant material is responsibly and legally sourced
  • Consider whether other well-documented native hawthorns might better serve your garden goals

Alternative Native Hawthorn Options

If you’re drawn to native hawthorns for your Ohio or Pennsylvania garden, consider these better-documented alternatives:

  • Downy hawthorn (Crataegus mollis)
  • Black hawthorn (Crataegus douglasii)
  • Common hawthorn species native to your specific region

These alternatives will give you the classic hawthorn benefits – spring flowers, fall berries for wildlife, and thorny branches for natural security – with much more reliable growing information.

The Bottom Line

Keystone hawthorn represents one of those fascinating botanical puzzles that remind us how much we still have to learn about our native flora. While its rarity and limited documentation make it unsuitable for most home gardens, it serves as a perfect example of why supporting botanical research and conservation efforts matters.

If you’re passionate about native plants in Ohio or Pennsylvania, focus on well-documented species while keeping an eye on ongoing research. Who knows? Maybe future botanical studies will unlock more secrets about this mysterious keystone hawthorn, making it a viable option for native plant enthusiasts down the road.

Keystone Hawthorn

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Rosales

Family

Rosaceae Juss. - Rose family

Genus

Crataegus L. - hawthorn

Species

Crataegus tanuphylla Sarg. - keystone hawthorn

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA