North America Native Plant

Keyflower

Botanical name: Dactylorhiza aristata var. aristata

USDA symbol: DAARA

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to Alaska  

Synonyms: Orchis aristata Fisch. ex Lindl. (ORAR)   

The Mysterious Keyflower: Alaska’s Enigmatic Native Orchid Have you ever stumbled across a plant name that seems to exist in botanical limbo? Meet the keyflower (Dactylorhiza aristata var. aristata), a perennial orchid that’s as elusive in gardens as it is in botanical literature. This fascinating plant presents quite the puzzle ...

The Mysterious Keyflower: Alaska’s Enigmatic Native Orchid

Have you ever stumbled across a plant name that seems to exist in botanical limbo? Meet the keyflower (Dactylorhiza aristata var. aristata), a perennial orchid that’s as elusive in gardens as it is in botanical literature. This fascinating plant presents quite the puzzle for native plant enthusiasts and orchid lovers alike.

What Exactly Is Keyflower?

Keyflower belongs to the orchid family and is classified as a forb – essentially a soft-stemmed perennial without woody growth above ground. Like other members of the Dactylorhiza genus (commonly known as marsh orchids), it likely produces its flowers from underground tubers and dies back to ground level each winter, only to emerge again the following growing season.

The botanical synonym Orchis aristata gives us a clue about its classification history, as many orchids have been reclassified over the years as our understanding of these complex plants has evolved.

Where Does It Call Home?

According to available records, keyflower is listed as native to Alaska, which would make it quite unique among Dactylorhiza species. Most marsh orchids in this genus are typically found in Europe and Asia, making an Alaskan native variety particularly intriguing from a biogeographical perspective.

The Great Mystery: Why So Little Information?

Here’s where things get interesting – and a bit concerning for would-be growers. Despite being listed in some botanical databases, detailed information about Dactylorhiza aristata var. aristata is remarkably scarce. This could indicate several possibilities:

  • It may be an extremely rare plant with very limited distribution
  • It could be a historical misidentification or taxonomic confusion
  • The variety might be so localized that it hasn’t been extensively studied

Should You Try Growing Keyflower?

Given the lack of reliable information about this particular variety, attempting to grow keyflower presents significant challenges. Without knowing its specific growing requirements, rarity status, or even confirmed identification, it’s difficult to recommend cultivation.

If you’re interested in native Alaskan orchids, it might be better to focus on well-documented species with established cultivation guidelines. Many orchids require very specific soil conditions, mycorrhizal relationships, and environmental factors that can be nearly impossible to replicate in typical garden settings.

For the Truly Curious

If you’re a serious orchid enthusiast or botanical researcher who believes you’ve encountered this elusive keyflower, documentation and proper identification would be invaluable to the botanical community. Orchids can be notoriously difficult to identify, and many require expert verification.

For most gardeners seeking native Alaskan plants, consider focusing on well-documented native species with established growing requirements and available plant material from reputable sources.

The Bottom Line

While the mystery of keyflower adds intrigue to Alaska’s native flora, the lack of reliable information makes it unsuitable for typical garden cultivation. Sometimes the most fascinating plants are those that remain in their natural habitats, reminding us that not every species needs to find its way into our gardens to be appreciated and valued.

If you’re passionate about native Alaskan plants, focus on species with well-documented growing requirements and sustainable sources – your garden (and the native ecosystem) will thank you for it.

Keyflower

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Liliidae

Order

Orchidales

Family

Orchidaceae Juss. - Orchid family

Genus

Dactylorhiza Neck. ex Nevski - keyflower

Species

Dactylorhiza aristata (Fisch. ex Lindl.) Soó - keyflower

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA