North America Native Plant

Keever’s Orthotrichum Moss

Botanical name: Orthotrichum keeverae

USDA symbol: ORKE

Habit: nonvascular

Native status: Native to North America  

Discovering Keever’s Orthotrichum Moss: A Rare North American Treasure Have you ever wondered about the tiny green carpets that grace rocks and tree bark in our forests? Meet Keever’s orthotrichum moss (Orthotrichum keeverae), one of North America’s most elusive and precious bryophytes. This diminutive moss might be small, but it ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S2: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘

Discovering Keever’s Orthotrichum Moss: A Rare North American Treasure

Have you ever wondered about the tiny green carpets that grace rocks and tree bark in our forests? Meet Keever’s orthotrichum moss (Orthotrichum keeverae), one of North America’s most elusive and precious bryophytes. This diminutive moss might be small, but it plays an outsized role in our understanding of biodiversity and conservation.

What Makes This Moss Special?

Keever’s orthotrichum moss belongs to the fascinating world of bryophytes – those ancient, non-flowering plants that include mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. Unlike the plants we typically think of for our gardens, this moss doesn’t have roots in the traditional sense. Instead, it anchors itself to solid surfaces like rocks, tree bark, or dead wood using tiny structures called rhizoids.

What sets this particular moss apart is its incredible rarity. With a Global Conservation Status of S2, Orthotrichum keeverae is considered imperiled, meaning there are typically only 6 to 20 known occurrences of this species in the wild. That’s fewer locations than you have fingers and toes!

Where Does It Call Home?

This native North American moss has chosen some pretty exclusive real estate. While we know it’s indigenous to our continent, the specific details of its geographic distribution remain somewhat mysterious – partly due to its rarity and the specialized expertise required to identify different moss species.

The Garden Question: To Grow or Not to Grow?

Here’s where things get interesting (and important). Unlike typical garden plants, Keever’s orthotrichum moss isn’t something you should actively try to cultivate or collect. Its imperiled status means that every single occurrence is precious for the survival of the species.

If you’re lucky enough to spot this moss in the wild, the best thing you can do is:

  • Observe and photograph it from a respectful distance
  • Report your sighting to local botanists or conservation organizations
  • Protect its habitat by avoiding disturbance to the area
  • Never collect or transplant it

Spotting This Elusive Moss

Identifying Orthotrichum keeverae requires a keen eye and often a hand lens or microscope. Like other members of the Orthotrichum genus, it typically grows in small, cushion-like tufts on hard surfaces. The moss is herbaceous and maintains its green color year-round, though specific identifying features would require expert botanical knowledge to distinguish it from its relatives.

Its Role in Nature’s Grand Design

Even though this moss is tiny, it likely serves important ecological functions. Mosses in general act as:

  • Moisture regulators in their microhabitats
  • Soil stabilizers and erosion controllers
  • Habitat providers for microscopic organisms
  • Contributors to nutrient cycling

Conservation Consciousness

The story of Keever’s orthotrichum moss reminds us that biodiversity comes in all sizes. Sometimes the smallest organisms are the most vulnerable and the most important to protect. Its imperiled status highlights the fragility of specialized ecosystems and the need for habitat conservation.

Rather than trying to grow this rare moss, consider supporting native plant conservation by choosing common native species for your garden that provide similar ecological benefits without putting rare species at risk.

A Final Thought

Keever’s orthotrichum moss may not be the showstopper you plant in your front yard, but it represents something equally valuable: the incredible diversity of life that exists in North America’s wild spaces. By understanding and respecting rare species like this one, we become better stewards of the natural world around us.

Next time you’re hiking and notice small tufts of moss on rocks or trees, take a moment to appreciate these ancient survivors. You might not be looking at Orthotrichum keeverae specifically, but you’ll be connecting with the same fascinating world of bryophytes that has been quietly thriving on Earth for millions of years.

Keever’s Orthotrichum Moss

Classification

Group

Moss

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom
Superdivision
Division

Bryophyta - Mosses

Subdivision

Musci

Class

Bryopsida - True mosses

Subclass

Bryidae

Order

Orthotrichales

Family

Orthotrichaceae Arn.

Genus

Orthotrichum Hedw. - orthotrichum moss

Species

Orthotrichum keeverae H.A. Crum & L.E. Anderson - Keever's orthotrichum moss

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA