North America Native Plant

Kaweah Monkeyflower

Botanical name: Mimulus norrisii

USDA symbol: MINO

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Kaweah Monkeyflower: A Rare California Treasure Worth Protecting If you’re a California native plant enthusiast with a passion for rare and endangered species, you may have heard whispers about the elusive Kaweah monkeyflower (Mimulus norrisii). This little-known annual is one of California’s botanical treasures, but it comes with some serious ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S2: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘

Kaweah Monkeyflower: A Rare California Treasure Worth Protecting

If you’re a California native plant enthusiast with a passion for rare and endangered species, you may have heard whispers about the elusive Kaweah monkeyflower (Mimulus norrisii). This little-known annual is one of California’s botanical treasures, but it comes with some serious conservation considerations that every responsible gardener should understand.

What Makes the Kaweah Monkeyflower Special?

The Kaweah monkeyflower is a charming annual forb that belongs to the snapdragon family. Like other monkeyflowers, it produces delightful yellow blooms that have that characteristic face-like appearance that gives the genus its common name. As a forb, it’s a non-woody flowering plant that completes its entire life cycle in a single growing season.

This little beauty is exclusively native to California, where it grows in the southern Sierra Nevada region. Its limited distribution makes it a true California endemic – you won’t find it growing wild anywhere else in the world.

The Conservation Reality Check

Here’s where things get serious: The Kaweah monkeyflower has a Global Conservation Status of S2, meaning it’s considered Imperiled. This classification indicates the species is at risk due to extreme rarity, with typically only 6 to 20 known occurrences and potentially just 1,000 to 3,000 individual plants remaining in the wild.

This rarity status means that while growing this plant can contribute to conservation efforts, it must be done responsibly. Never collect seeds or plants from wild populations. If you’re interested in growing Kaweah monkeyflower, only source seeds or plants from reputable native plant nurseries that can verify their stock comes from ethically propagated sources.

Growing Kaweah Monkeyflower: What to Expect

As an annual, the Kaweah monkeyflower completes its full life cycle in one year, growing from seed, flowering, setting seed, and dying back. This means you’ll need to replant each year or allow the plant to self-seed in your garden.

Garden Role and Design Ideas

The Kaweah monkeyflower works beautifully in:

  • Native California plant gardens
  • Rock gardens with well-draining soil
  • Specialty conservation collections
  • Educational gardens focused on rare species
  • Xerophytic or low-water gardens

Its compact size and delicate flowers make it perfect for intimate garden spaces where visitors can appreciate its subtle beauty up close.

Growing Conditions and Care

While specific cultivation information for this rare species is limited, we can make educated assumptions based on its Sierra Nevada foothill habitat:

  • Sunlight: Likely prefers partial shade to full sun
  • Soil: Well-draining soils, possibly rocky or sandy
  • Water: Moderate water during the growing season, dry summers
  • Climate: Suited for USDA hardiness zones 8-10
  • Planting: Sow seeds in fall or early winter to provide natural cold stratification

Pollinator and Wildlife Benefits

Like other monkeyflowers, the Kaweah monkeyflower likely attracts small native bees and other pollinators. By growing this rare species, you’re not only preserving genetic diversity but also supporting the specialized pollinators that have co-evolved with California’s unique flora.

Should You Grow It?

The answer depends on your gardening philosophy and commitment level. If you:

  • Are passionate about rare plant conservation
  • Can source seeds or plants ethically
  • Have the right growing conditions
  • Understand the responsibility that comes with growing imperiled species

Then yes, growing Kaweah monkeyflower can be a meaningful way to contribute to conservation efforts while enjoying a truly unique California native.

However, if you’re looking for easy-care monkeyflowers for your garden, consider more common species like sticky monkeyflower (Diplacus aurantiacus) or seep monkeyflower (Erythranthe guttata) that offer similar aesthetic appeal without the conservation concerns.

The Bottom Line

The Kaweah monkeyflower represents both the incredible diversity of California’s flora and the urgent need for plant conservation. Growing it is less about having another pretty flower and more about participating in preserving California’s botanical heritage. If that appeals to you, proceed with respect, responsibility, and a commitment to ethical sourcing.

Remember: every rare plant in cultivation is a potential insurance policy against extinction. But only if we grow them the right way.

Kaweah Monkeyflower

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Scrophulariales

Family

Scrophulariaceae Juss. - Figwort family

Genus

Mimulus L. - monkeyflower

Species

Mimulus norrisii Heckard & Shevock - Kaweah monkeyflower

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA