North America Native Plant

Kauai Sawsedge

Botanical name: Gahnia vitiensis kauaiensis

USDA symbol: GAVIK

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to Hawaii  

Synonyms: Gahnia kauaiensis Benl (GAKA2)   

Kauai Sawsedge: A Rare Hawaiian Treasure for Your Native Garden If you’re passionate about native Hawaiian plants and have a spot that stays consistently moist, meet the Kauai sawsedge (Gahnia vitiensis kauaiensis) – a remarkable sedge that’s as rare as it is beautiful. This perennial grass-like plant is a true ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3?T2: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Inexact rank: ⚘ Subspecies or variety is imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘

Kauai Sawsedge: A Rare Hawaiian Treasure for Your Native Garden

If you’re passionate about native Hawaiian plants and have a spot that stays consistently moist, meet the Kauai sawsedge (Gahnia vitiensis kauaiensis) – a remarkable sedge that’s as rare as it is beautiful. This perennial grass-like plant is a true island endemic, found only on the Garden Isle of Kauai, making it a special addition to any native Hawaiian landscape.

What Makes Kauai Sawsedge Special?

The Kauai sawsedge belongs to the sedge family (Cyperaceae) and forms dense, attractive tufts of narrow, blade-like foliage. Unlike many flashy flowering plants, this sedge offers subtle beauty through its graceful form and texture. It’s a perennial that will return year after year, slowly spreading to create natural-looking colonies that feel right at home in Hawaii’s native ecosystems.

You might also see this plant listed under its botanical synonym, Gahnia kauaiensis, in older gardening references or plant catalogs.

Native Range and Geographic Distribution

This sedge is endemic to Hawaii, specifically to the island of Kauai, where it grows naturally in wet forests and boggy areas. Its limited geographic distribution makes it a true Hawaiian treasure – you won’t find this plant growing wild anywhere else in the world.

Important Conservation Considerations

Here’s something crucial to know: Kauai sawsedge has a conservation status that suggests it’s quite rare in the wild. Before adding this plant to your garden, it’s essential to source it responsibly. Only purchase from reputable native plant nurseries that propagate their stock rather than collecting from wild populations. This helps protect the remaining natural populations while still allowing gardeners to grow this beautiful native species.

Why Grow Kauai Sawsedge?

There are several compelling reasons to consider this unique sedge for your Hawaiian garden:

  • Support native biodiversity and conservation efforts
  • Create authentic Hawaiian landscapes using endemic plants
  • Excellent for erosion control in wet areas
  • Low maintenance once established
  • Adds texture and natural movement to garden designs
  • Perfect for rain gardens and bog gardens

Growing Conditions and Care

Kauai sawsedge thrives in USDA hardiness zones 10-11, making it suitable for tropical and subtropical climates. Here’s what this sedge needs to flourish:

Moisture: This plant loves consistently moist to wet soil conditions. Think bog gardens, rain gardens, or areas that stay naturally damp. It’s not drought-tolerant, so regular watering is essential if natural rainfall isn’t sufficient.

Light: Partial shade to full sun works well, though it often grows in partially shaded forest understories in its natural habitat.

Soil: Prefers organic-rich, well-draining but moisture-retentive soils. It can handle some standing water, making it ideal for wetland restoration projects.

Planting and Care Tips

  • Plant during the wet season for best establishment
  • Space plants 2-3 feet apart to allow for natural spreading
  • Mulch around plants to help retain soil moisture
  • Once established, this sedge requires minimal care
  • Remove any dead foliage in late winter or early spring
  • No fertilizer needed – it’s adapted to nutrient-poor bog conditions

Garden Design Ideas

Kauai sawsedge works beautifully in several landscape settings:

  • Native Hawaiian plant gardens
  • Bog or wetland gardens
  • Rain gardens for stormwater management
  • Erosion control on slopes with seepage
  • Natural areas requiring restoration with endemic species

Wildlife and Ecological Benefits

While this sedge is wind-pollinated and doesn’t attract pollinators like colorful flowers do, it plays an important role in Hawaii’s native ecosystems. It provides habitat structure for small wildlife and helps maintain the natural plant communities where native birds and insects evolved.

The Bottom Line

Kauai sawsedge is a wonderful choice for gardeners committed to growing native Hawaiian plants, especially those with naturally wet or boggy conditions. Its rarity makes it even more special – by growing this plant responsibly, you’re participating in conservation efforts while creating an authentic piece of Kauai’s natural heritage in your own landscape. Just remember to source it responsibly and give it the consistently moist conditions it craves!

Kauai Sawsedge

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Cyperaceae Juss. - Sedge family

Genus

Gahnia J.R. Forst. & G. Forst. - sawsedge

Species

Gahnia vitiensis Rendle - Fijian sawsedge

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA