North America Native Plant

Kauai Panicgrass

Botanical name: Panicum lineale

USDA symbol: PALI10

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to Hawaii  

Kauai Panicgrass: A Rare Hawaiian Native Worth Protecting If you’re passionate about Hawaiian native plants and conservation gardening, you’ve probably heard whispers about Kauai panicgrass (Panicum lineale). This delicate perennial grass might not be the showiest plant in your garden, but it carries the weight of Hawaii’s botanical heritage on ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘

Kauai Panicgrass: A Rare Hawaiian Native Worth Protecting

If you’re passionate about Hawaiian native plants and conservation gardening, you’ve probably heard whispers about Kauai panicgrass (Panicum lineale). This delicate perennial grass might not be the showiest plant in your garden, but it carries the weight of Hawaii’s botanical heritage on its slender stems.

What Makes Kauai Panicgrass Special?

Kauai panicgrass is a true Hawaiian endemic, meaning it exists nowhere else on Earth except in the Hawaiian Islands. Specifically, this charming grass calls Kauai home, where it has evolved over millennia to thrive in the island’s unique conditions. As a member of the grass family, it sports the classic narrow, linear leaves that give it a fine, delicate texture in the landscape.

Where Does It Grow?

This native beauty is found exclusively in Hawaii, with its primary stronghold on the island of Kauai. Unfortunately, like many Hawaiian natives, Kauai panicgrass has become increasingly rare in its natural habitat.

A Plant in Need of Protection

Here’s where things get serious, fellow plant lovers. Kauai panicgrass carries a Global Conservation Status of S3, which translates to Vulnerable. This means the species is at risk due to its rarity and limited range. With typically only 21 to 100 occurrences and between 3,000 to 10,000 individuals remaining, every plant counts.

What this means for gardeners: If you’re considering adding this grass to your landscape, please ensure you source it responsibly from reputable native plant nurseries that propagate from ethically collected seeds or divisions. Never collect from wild populations.

Growing Kauai Panicgrass Successfully

The good news is that Kauai panicgrass can be a rewarding addition to the right garden, especially if you’re working on native Hawaiian landscaping or restoration projects.

Ideal Growing Conditions

  • USDA Hardiness Zones: 10-11 (tropical climates only)
  • Light: Partial shade to full sun
  • Soil: Well-draining soils are essential
  • Water: Drought tolerant once established, but appreciates occasional watering
  • Wetland Status: Facultative Upland – usually found in non-wetland areas but can tolerate some moisture

Planting and Care Tips

  • Plant in areas with good drainage to prevent root rot
  • Once established, this perennial grass requires minimal maintenance
  • Allow the grass to go to seed if you want to encourage natural propagation
  • Avoid overwatering, as this species prefers drier conditions

Landscape Role and Design Ideas

Kauai panicgrass shines as a subtle groundcover or accent plant in native Hawaiian gardens. Its fine texture makes it an excellent companion for broader-leafed native plants, creating visual contrast without competing for attention. Consider using it in:

  • Native Hawaiian restoration gardens
  • Naturalistic landscapes that mimic Hawaiian ecosystems
  • Areas where you need gentle erosion control
  • Mixed native grass plantings

Wildlife and Ecological Benefits

As a wind-pollinated grass, Kauai panicgrass doesn’t directly attract pollinators like flowering plants do. However, its value lies in supporting the broader Hawaiian ecosystem. Native grasses like this one provide habitat structure and help maintain the ecological balance that Hawaii’s endemic species depend on.

Should You Grow Kauai Panicgrass?

If you live in a tropical climate (zones 10-11) and are committed to Hawaiian native plant gardening, Kauai panicgrass can be a meaningful addition to your landscape. However, given its vulnerable status, this isn’t a plant to grow casually. It’s best suited for gardeners who:

  • Are serious about conservation and native plant preservation
  • Can commit to responsible sourcing
  • Want to contribute to the preservation of Hawaiian botanical heritage
  • Are designing authentic native Hawaiian landscapes

Remember, every Kauai panicgrass plant grown in cultivation is a small victory for conservation. By growing this vulnerable species responsibly, you’re helping ensure that future generations will be able to appreciate this unique piece of Hawaiian natural history.

Just make sure you’re getting your plants from ethical sources – our Hawaiian natives need all the help they can get!

Kauai Panicgrass

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Poaceae Barnhart - Grass family

Genus

Panicum L. - panicgrass

Species

Panicum lineale H. St. John - Kauai panicgrass

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA