North America Native Plant

Kauai Ma’oloa

Botanical name: Neraudia kauaiensis

USDA symbol: NEKA2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to Hawaii  

Synonyms: Neraudia kauaiensis (Hillebr.) Cowan var. helleri Cowan (NEKAH)   

Kauai Ma’oloa: A Critically Rare Hawaiian Native Worth Protecting Meet the Kauai ma’oloa (Neraudia kauaiensis), one of Hawaii’s most endangered native shrubs that deserves our attention and protection. This unassuming member of the nettle family may not win any beauty contests, but it plays a crucial role in Hawaii’s native ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S1: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘

Kauai Ma’oloa: A Critically Rare Hawaiian Native Worth Protecting

Meet the Kauai ma’oloa (Neraudia kauaiensis), one of Hawaii’s most endangered native shrubs that deserves our attention and protection. This unassuming member of the nettle family may not win any beauty contests, but it plays a crucial role in Hawaii’s native ecosystems and represents a living piece of the islands’ natural heritage.

A Plant on the Brink

Before we dive into growing this Hawaiian native, there’s something important you need to know: Kauai ma’oloa is critically imperiled with a Global Conservation Status of S1. This means there are typically five or fewer occurrences in the wild, with very few remaining individuals (fewer than 1,000). If you’re considering adding this plant to your garden, please ensure you source it responsibly from reputable native plant nurseries or conservation programs.

Where Does Kauai Ma’oloa Call Home?

As its name suggests, this rare shrub is endemic to the island of Kauai in Hawaii. It’s found nowhere else on Earth, making it a true botanical treasure of the Garden Isle. The plant naturally grows in Hawaii’s dry to mesic forest environments.

What Does It Look Like?

Kauai ma’oloa is a perennial shrub that typically grows as a multi-stemmed woody plant, usually staying under 13-16 feet in height. While it may have several stems arising from near the ground, it can sometimes grow taller or develop a single stem depending on environmental conditions. Don’t expect flashy flowers or dramatic foliage – this is a plant whose beauty lies in its ecological importance rather than its ornamental appeal.

Why Grow Kauai Ma’oloa?

Here’s why you might consider this rare native for your landscape:

  • Conservation impact: Every responsibly grown specimen helps preserve this critically endangered species
  • Native Hawaiian authenticity: Perfect for authentic native Hawaiian gardens and restoration projects
  • Ecological value: Supports native Hawaiian ecosystems and biodiversity
  • Cultural significance: Connects your landscape to Hawaii’s natural heritage

Growing Conditions and Care

Growing Kauai ma’oloa requires patience and the right conditions. This shrub thrives in USDA hardiness zones 10-12, which means it needs a tropical Hawaiian climate to succeed. Here’s what it needs:

  • Soil: Well-draining soils that mimic its native dry to mesic forest habitat
  • Light: Conditions similar to its natural forest understory environment
  • Water: Moderate moisture levels – not too wet, not too dry
  • Climate: Warm, tropical conditions year-round

Best Garden Settings

Kauai ma’oloa works best in:

  • Native Hawaiian plant gardens
  • Conservation and restoration landscapes
  • Educational botanical displays
  • Dry forest habitat recreation projects

A Word of Caution and Responsibility

Given its critically imperiled status, growing Kauai ma’oloa comes with responsibility. Only obtain plants from:

  • Reputable native plant nurseries
  • Conservation programs
  • Botanical gardens with propagation programs
  • Sources that can verify legal and ethical collection

Never collect from wild populations, as this could push the species closer to extinction.

The Bottom Line

Kauai ma’oloa isn’t for every gardener or every garden. Its critically endangered status means it requires a committed caretaker who understands the responsibility that comes with growing such a rare plant. If you’re passionate about native Hawaiian plants and conservation, and you can provide the specific growing conditions it needs, this shrub offers a meaningful way to contribute to species preservation right in your own backyard.

Remember, every plant grown responsibly in cultivation is a victory for conservation – and for Hawaii’s incredible botanical heritage.

Kauai Ma’oloa

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Hamamelididae

Order

Urticales

Family

Urticaceae Juss. - Nettle family

Genus

Neraudia Gaudich. - ma'oloa

Species

Neraudia kauaiensis (Hillebr.) Cowan - Kauai ma'oloa

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA