North America Native Plant

Kaala Melicope

Botanical name: Melicope kaalaensis

USDA symbol: MEKA2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: tree

Native status: Native to Hawaii  

Synonyms: Pelea kaalaensis H. St. John (PEKA3)   

Kaala Melicope: A Rare Hawaiian Treasure Worth Protecting Meet the Kaala melicope (Melicope kaalaensis), one of Hawaii’s most precious and endangered native trees. This remarkable species represents the incredible biodiversity that makes the Hawaiian Islands so special – and why conservation efforts are more important than ever. What Makes Kaala ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S1S2: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘ Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘

Kaala Melicope: A Rare Hawaiian Treasure Worth Protecting

Meet the Kaala melicope (Melicope kaalaensis), one of Hawaii’s most precious and endangered native trees. This remarkable species represents the incredible biodiversity that makes the Hawaiian Islands so special – and why conservation efforts are more important than ever.

What Makes Kaala Melicope Special?

The Kaala melicope belongs to the citrus family and is a perennial tree that can grow over 13-16 feet tall under ideal conditions. Also known by its former scientific name Pelea kaalaensis, this native Hawaiian species has adapted to life in one of the most isolated island chains on Earth.

Where Does It Come From?

This tree is endemic to Hawaii, meaning it exists nowhere else on Earth. Specifically, it’s found in the Waianae Mountains on the island of Oahu, with Mount Kaala being its primary stronghold. Talk about having a very specific zip code!

A Conservation Priority

Important Conservation Note: The Kaala melicope has a Global Conservation Status of S1S2, indicating it is critically imperiled to imperiled. This means the species faces a very high to high risk of extinction due to extreme rarity, declining populations, or other factors.

If you’re considering this plant for your garden, please understand that:

  • This species should only be planted using responsibly sourced material
  • Proper permits and consultation with conservation organizations may be required
  • Supporting habitat preservation is often more beneficial than individual cultivation
  • Consider alternative native Hawaiian plants that are more readily available and less at risk

Growing Conditions and Care

While specific cultivation information for Kaala melicope is limited due to its rarity, we can infer from its natural habitat that it likely prefers:

  • Montane forest conditions with good moisture
  • Well-draining but consistently moist soil
  • Protection from strong winds
  • Partial shade to filtered sunlight
  • USDA hardiness zones 10-11 (typical for Hawaiian natives)

Supporting Conservation

Rather than trying to grow this rare species, consider supporting Hawaiian plant conservation through:

  • Donating to organizations working to protect Hawaiian native forests
  • Choosing more common native Hawaiian alternatives for your landscape
  • Learning about and spreading awareness of Hawaiian plant conservation
  • Supporting habitat restoration projects

The Bottom Line

The Kaala melicope represents both the wonder and fragility of Hawaii’s unique ecosystems. While most gardeners won’t be growing this rare tree in their backyards, learning about species like this helps us appreciate the incredible diversity of native plants and the importance of protecting them for future generations.

If you’re passionate about Hawaiian native plants, consider exploring more readily available species that can bring the beauty of the islands to your garden while supporting conservation through responsible gardening practices.

Kaala Melicope

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Sapindales

Family

Rutaceae Juss. - Rue family

Genus

Melicope (J.R. Forst. & G. Forst.) T.G. Hartley & B.C. Stone - melicope

Species

Melicope kaalaensis (H. St. John) T.G. Hartley & B.C. Stone - Kaala melicope

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA