Juniper Berry (Wait, That’s Not Right!): Meet Citharexylum caudatum
Hold on to your gardening gloves, folks! Despite its common name juniper berry, Citharexylum caudatum has absolutely nothing to do with junipers. This naming mix-up is one of those delightful botanical mysteries that keeps us on our toes. This woody shrub belongs to the verbena family (Verbenaceae) and brings its own unique character to the landscape world.
Where in the World?
Citharexylum caudatum calls Puerto Rico home, where it evolved as part of the native Caribbean flora. However, this adaptable shrub has made its way to Hawaii, where it has established itself as a naturalized resident. In Hawaii, it reproduces on its own and persists in the wild without human intervention.
What Does It Look Like?
This perennial shrub typically grows as a multi-stemmed woody plant, usually staying under 13-16 feet tall. Like most shrubs, it develops several stems that arise from or near ground level, creating a bushy appearance. Under certain environmental conditions, it might surprise you by growing taller or developing a more single-stemmed form.
Garden Role and Landscape Fit
While specific information about this plant’s garden performance is limited, as a member of the Citharexylum genus, it likely serves as a reliable woody backbone plant. Shrubs like this often work well as:
- Background plantings in mixed borders
- Natural screening elements
- Transition plants between different garden zones
Growing Conditions and Care
Based on its wetland status, Citharexylum caudatum shows interesting adaptability. In the Caribbean, it’s classified as Facultative Upland, meaning it usually prefers non-wetland conditions but can tolerate some moisture. In Hawaii, it’s considered Obligate Upland, almost never occurring in wetland areas. This suggests it prefers well-draining soils and drier conditions, especially in tropical climates.
Should You Plant It?
Here’s where things get interesting. While Citharexylum caudatum isn’t listed as invasive or problematic, it’s worth considering that it’s not native to most areas where people might encounter it. As responsible gardeners, we have the opportunity to support local ecosystems by choosing native alternatives that provide better wildlife habitat and maintain ecological balance.
If you’re in Hawaii and considering this plant, you might explore native Hawaiian shrubs instead. If you’re in Puerto Rico, this could be a great native choice for your landscape. For mainland gardeners, there are likely wonderful native shrubs in your area that would serve similar purposes while supporting local wildlife.
The Bottom Line
Citharexylum caudatum remains something of an enigma in the gardening world. While it’s clearly adaptable and hardy enough to establish itself in new environments, limited specific information about its ornamental qualities and ecological benefits makes it hard to recommend over well-studied native alternatives. When in doubt, choose native – your local birds, bees, and butterflies will thank you!
Remember, the best garden plant is often the one that naturally belongs in your neighborhood’s ecosystem. Consider consulting with local native plant societies or extension services to discover the amazing native shrubs waiting to shine in your landscape.
