North America Native Plant

Julella Lichen

Botanical name: Julella lactea

USDA symbol: JULA4

Habit: lichen

Native status: Native to North America  

Synonyms: Polyblastiopsis lactea (A. Massal.) Zahlbr. (POLA19)   

Julella Lichen: A Tiny North American Wonder You Might Already Have Ever noticed small, crusty patches of whitish growth on rocks or tree bark in your garden? You might be looking at julella lichen (Julella lactea), a fascinating organism that’s neither plant nor animal, but something wonderfully unique. This tiny ...

Julella Lichen: A Tiny North American Wonder You Might Already Have

Ever noticed small, crusty patches of whitish growth on rocks or tree bark in your garden? You might be looking at julella lichen (Julella lactea), a fascinating organism that’s neither plant nor animal, but something wonderfully unique. This tiny North American native is one of nature’s most intriguing partnerships, and understanding what it is can help you appreciate the hidden biodiversity right in your own backyard.

What Exactly Is Julella Lichen?

First things first – lichens aren’t plants! Julella lactea is actually a symbiotic partnership between a fungus and an algae (or sometimes cyanobacteria). Think of it as nature’s ultimate roommate situation, where both partners benefit from living together. The fungus provides structure and protection, while the algae produces food through photosynthesis. It’s like having a built-in chef and landlord all in one!

This particular lichen species goes by the scientific name Julella lactea, though you might occasionally see it referred to by its synonym, Polyblastiopsis lactea. The lactea part of its name hints at its milky or whitish appearance – a key identifying feature we’ll talk about later.

Where You’ll Find This North American Native

Julella lichen is native to North America, though specific regional details about its distribution remain somewhat mysterious in the scientific literature. Like many lichen species, it’s probably more widespread than we realize – these organisms are often overlooked because of their small size and subtle presence.

Is Julella Lichen Beneficial for Your Garden?

Absolutely! While you can’t exactly plant julella lichen like you would a tomato, having it naturally occur in your garden is actually a wonderful sign. Here’s why lichens like Julella lactea are garden superstars:

  • Air quality indicators: Lichens are sensitive to air pollution, so their presence suggests you have relatively clean air
  • Ecosystem health markers: A diverse lichen community indicates a healthy, balanced environment
  • Soil creators: Over time, lichens help break down rock surfaces, contributing to soil formation
  • Wildlife support: Some birds use lichens for nesting material, and they provide habitat for tiny invertebrates

How to Identify Julella Lichen

Spotting julella lichen requires a bit of detective work, but it’s totally doable with the right clues:

  • Color: Look for whitish to pale gray crusty patches – the lactea name refers to this milky coloration
  • Texture: It forms a crustose (crusty) growth that’s tightly attached to its substrate
  • Location: Check rock surfaces, tree bark, or other hard substrates in your garden
  • Size: Individual patches are typically small, often just a few inches across

Keep in mind that lichen identification can be tricky even for experts, and you might need a magnifying glass to see the finer details. When in doubt, take photos and consult local naturalist groups or extension services.

Creating Lichen-Friendly Garden Conditions

While you can’t plant julella lichen directly, you can certainly create conditions that welcome it and other beneficial lichens to your space:

  • Reduce chemical use: Skip pesticides and herbicides, which can harm these sensitive organisms
  • Maintain clean air: Support practices that improve air quality in your community
  • Preserve natural surfaces: Leave some rocks, old wood, or mature tree bark undisturbed
  • Avoid over-cleaning: Don’t pressure wash or scrub every surface – give lichens space to establish

The Bottom Line on Julella Lichen

Julella lactea might not be the showstopper that attracts visitors to your garden, but it’s a quiet indicator that your outdoor space is healthy and thriving. Rather than trying to cultivate this lichen, focus on creating the kind of environment where it can naturally flourish alongside other native species.

Next time you’re wandering around your garden, take a moment to look closely at those crusty white patches on rocks or bark. You might just be admiring one of nature’s most successful partnerships – and that’s pretty amazing when you think about it!

Julella Lichen

Classification

Group

Lichen

Kingdom

Fungi - Fungi

Subkingdom
Superdivision
Division

Ascomycota - Sac fungi

Subdivision
Class

Ascomycetes

Subclass
Order
Family

Thelenellaceae O.E. Erikss. ex H. Mayrhofer

Genus

Julella J.H.C. Fabre - julella lichen

Species

Julella lactea (A. Massal.) M.E. Barr - julella lichen

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA