North America Native Plant

Jelly Lichen

Botanical name: Collema limosum

USDA symbol: COLI14

Habit: lichen

Native status: Native to North America  

Synonyms: Collema glaucescens Hoffm. (COGL15)   

Jelly Lichen: The Fascinating Collema limosum in Your Garden If you’ve ever noticed dark, gelatinous blobs clinging to rocks, soil, or tree bark in your garden, you might have encountered the intriguing jelly lichen, scientifically known as Collema limosum. This remarkable organism isn’t actually a plant at all, but rather ...

Jelly Lichen: The Fascinating Collema limosum in Your Garden

If you’ve ever noticed dark, gelatinous blobs clinging to rocks, soil, or tree bark in your garden, you might have encountered the intriguing jelly lichen, scientifically known as Collema limosum. This remarkable organism isn’t actually a plant at all, but rather a fascinating partnership between fungi and algae that’s been quietly contributing to your garden’s ecosystem.

What Exactly Is Jelly Lichen?

Jelly lichen belongs to a unique group of organisms that challenge our traditional understanding of plant life. Unlike the flowers, shrubs, and trees we typically think of when gardening, lichens are composite organisms formed by a symbiotic relationship between fungi and photosynthetic partners (usually algae or cyanobacteria). The jelly part of its name comes from its distinctive gelatinous appearance, especially when wet.

This native North American species goes by the botanical name Collema limosum, and you might also see it referred to by its synonym, Collema glaucescens. When dry, it appears as dark, crusty patches, but add a little moisture, and it transforms into a translucent, jelly-like organism that’s quite remarkable to observe.

Where You’ll Find Jelly Lichen

Jelly lichen has made itself at home throughout North America, appearing in various habitats where conditions are just right. You’re most likely to spot it growing on rocks, bare soil, or sometimes on tree bark, particularly in areas with good air quality.

Identifying Jelly Lichen in Your Garden

Recognizing jelly lichen is easier than you might think, once you know what to look for:

  • When dry: Dark green to blackish, crusty appearance that might look like dried seaweed
  • When wet: Transforms into a translucent, gelatinous mass with a jelly-like texture
  • Size: Forms patches that can range from small spots to larger colonies
  • Location: Typically found on rocks, bare soil, or occasionally on bark
  • Texture: Smooth and slippery when moist, brittle when dry

Is Jelly Lichen Beneficial for Your Garden?

While you can’t plant jelly lichen like you would a tomato or rose bush, its presence in your garden is actually a wonderful sign! Here’s why you should appreciate having this unique organism around:

Air Quality Indicator

Lichens are incredibly sensitive to air pollution, so finding jelly lichen in your garden is like having a natural air quality monitor. Their presence suggests that your local environment has relatively clean air – something both you and your plants can appreciate.

Ecosystem Support

Jelly lichen contributes to your garden’s biodiversity in subtle but important ways. It helps prevent soil erosion, contributes to nutrient cycling, and provides habitat for tiny organisms that form the foundation of your garden’s food web.

Natural Beauty

There’s something almost magical about watching jelly lichen transform from a dried, crusty patch into a translucent, living jewel after a rain shower. It adds an element of natural wonder that many gardeners find captivating.

Can You Cultivate Jelly Lichen?

Here’s where jelly lichen differs dramatically from your typical garden plants – you can’t really grow it in the traditional sense. Lichens are incredibly complex organisms that require specific environmental conditions and partnerships that are nearly impossible to replicate artificially. Instead of trying to cultivate jelly lichen, the best approach is to create conditions where it might naturally establish itself:

  • Maintain good air quality around your property
  • Avoid using harsh chemicals or pesticides that might harm these sensitive organisms
  • Leave some undisturbed areas with rocks or bare soil where lichens can potentially colonize
  • Be patient – lichen growth is extremely slow, often taking years to establish visible colonies

Working with Nature’s Timeline

If you’re lucky enough to have jelly lichen in your garden, consider yourself a steward of a truly ancient form of life. These organisms grow incredibly slowly and can live for decades or even centuries. Rather than trying to manage or control them, simply appreciate them as indicators of your garden’s health and as fascinating examples of nature’s ingenuity.

Remember, the presence of jelly lichen is something to celebrate – it means your garden is supporting biodiversity beyond just the plants you’ve intentionally cultivated. So the next time you spot those dark, crusty patches that transform into translucent gems after a rain, take a moment to appreciate the remarkable jelly lichen and the healthy ecosystem it represents.

Jelly Lichen

Classification

Group

Lichen

Kingdom

Fungi - Fungi

Subkingdom
Superdivision
Division

Ascomycota - Sac fungi

Subdivision
Class

Ascomycetes

Subclass
Order

Lecanorales

Family

Collemataceae Zenker

Genus

Collema F.H. Wigg - jelly lichen

Species

Collema limosum (Ach.) Ach. - jelly lichen

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA