North America Native Plant

James’ Buckwheat

Botanical name: Eriogonum jamesii var. simplex

USDA symbol: ERJAS

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: subshrub

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

James’ Buckwheat: A Rare Prairie Gem for Your Native Garden If you’re looking to add a touch of prairie authenticity to your garden while supporting conservation efforts, James’ buckwheat (Eriogonum jamesii var. simplex) might just be the perfect addition. This charming native perennial brings both beauty and ecological value to ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S5T2: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Secure: At very low or no risk of extinction in the jurisdiction due to a very extensive range, abundant populations or occurrences, with little to no concern from declines or threats. ⚘

James’ Buckwheat: A Rare Prairie Gem for Your Native Garden

If you’re looking to add a touch of prairie authenticity to your garden while supporting conservation efforts, James’ buckwheat (Eriogonum jamesii var. simplex) might just be the perfect addition. This charming native perennial brings both beauty and ecological value to the landscape, though it comes with an important conservation story worth knowing.

What Makes James’ Buckwheat Special?

James’ buckwheat is a delightful forb that stays true to its prairie roots. As a perennial herb, it lacks the woody stems of shrubs and trees, instead producing fresh growth from ground-level buds each growing season. What it lacks in size, it more than makes up for in character, producing clusters of small white to cream-colored flowers that create a delicate, airy appearance in the garden.

The plant’s silvery-green foliage provides an attractive backdrop for its blooms and adds year-round interest to native plant compositions. Its low-growing habit makes it an excellent choice for ground cover applications or as a subtle accent in rock gardens.

Where James’ Buckwheat Calls Home

This native beauty is indigenous to the Great Plains region of the United States, with documented populations in Kansas. As a true prairie plant, it’s perfectly adapted to the challenging conditions of the American heartland, including hot summers, cold winters, and variable precipitation.

A Important Conservation Note

Before you rush to add James’ buckwheat to your shopping list, there’s something important to know: this variety has a Global Conservation Status of S5T2, indicating it’s quite rare in the wild. This means that while it’s a fantastic choice for gardeners interested in native plants, it should only be planted using responsibly sourced material from reputable native plant nurseries or seed suppliers.

By choosing to grow this plant, you’re not just beautifying your garden—you’re participating in conservation efforts that help preserve genetic diversity and support the species’ long-term survival.

Perfect Growing Conditions

James’ buckwheat thrives in conditions that mirror its prairie homeland:

  • Sunlight: Full sun exposure for best flowering and growth
  • Soil: Well-draining soils; adapts to various soil types including sandy and rocky conditions
  • Water: Drought tolerant once established; requires minimal supplemental watering
  • Climate: Hardy in USDA zones 4-8, handling both prairie heat and cold

Garden Design Ideas

This versatile native works beautifully in several garden settings:

  • Prairie gardens: Combines naturally with native grasses and other wildflowers
  • Rock gardens: Its compact size and drought tolerance make it ideal for rocky, well-drained spots
  • Xeriscaping: Perfect for water-wise landscapes
  • Ground cover: Creates attractive low carpets in sunny areas

Planting and Care Tips

The good news? James’ buckwheat is refreshingly low-maintenance once established:

  • Plant in spring after the last frost date
  • Choose a sunny location with good drainage
  • Water regularly the first growing season to establish roots
  • After establishment, water only during extended dry periods
  • Avoid over-fertilizing, as prairie plants prefer lean soils
  • Deadhead spent flowers to encourage continued blooming

Wildlife and Pollinator Benefits

Like many members of the buckwheat family, James’ buckwheat is a pollinator magnet. Its flowers attract native bees, butterflies, and other beneficial insects, making it an excellent choice for pollinator gardens. The plant also provides habitat and food sources for various wildlife species native to prairie ecosystems.

The Bottom Line

James’ buckwheat offers gardeners a unique opportunity to grow a piece of prairie history while contributing to conservation efforts. Its beautiful flowers, drought tolerance, and wildlife benefits make it a valuable addition to native plant gardens. Just remember to source your plants or seeds responsibly from reputable suppliers who can verify their conservation-friendly origins.

By choosing this rare prairie gem, you’re not just planting a flower—you’re helping preserve a piece of America’s natural heritage for future generations to enjoy.

James’ Buckwheat

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Caryophyllidae

Order

Polygonales

Family

Polygonaceae Juss. - Buckwheat family

Genus

Eriogonum Michx. - buckwheat

Species

Eriogonum jamesii Benth. - James' buckwheat

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA