North America Native Plant

Jamaican Fleabane

Botanical name: Erigeron jamaicensis

USDA symbol: ERJA2

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to Puerto Rico  

Jamaican Fleabane: A Wetland Wonder for Caribbean Gardens Meet Jamaican fleabane (Erigeron jamaicensis), a charming little annual that’s perfectly at home in Puerto Rico’s wettest spots. Don’t let the name fool you – this delicate beauty has nothing to do with fleas and everything to do with bringing authentic Caribbean ...

Jamaican Fleabane: A Wetland Wonder for Caribbean Gardens

Meet Jamaican fleabane (Erigeron jamaicensis), a charming little annual that’s perfectly at home in Puerto Rico’s wettest spots. Don’t let the name fool you – this delicate beauty has nothing to do with fleas and everything to do with bringing authentic Caribbean character to your garden!

What Makes Jamaican Fleabane Special?

This native Puerto Rican forb might be small in stature, but it packs a punch when it comes to ecological value. As an annual herb, Jamaican fleabane completes its entire life cycle in one growing season, producing lovely daisy-like flowers that attract beneficial insects and small pollinators.

Unlike woody plants, this fleabane stays soft and herbaceous throughout its life, with perennating buds that develop at or below ground level. It’s classified as an obligate wetland plant, meaning you’ll almost always find it thriving in consistently moist conditions.

Where Does It Grow Naturally?

Jamaican fleabane is native to Puerto Rico, where it flourishes in the island’s wetland areas and marshy spots. This specialized habitat preference makes it a perfect candidate for authentic Caribbean landscaping projects.

Why Consider Growing Jamaican Fleabane?

Here are some compelling reasons to include this native gem in your garden:

  • Supports local ecosystems and native wildlife
  • Attracts beneficial pollinators like native bees
  • Perfect for wetland restoration projects
  • Adds authentic Caribbean character to landscapes
  • Low maintenance once established in proper conditions
  • Self-seeds for natural garden renewal

The Perfect Garden Settings

Jamaican fleabane isn’t your typical garden plant – it has very specific needs that make it ideal for certain landscape situations:

  • Rain gardens and bioswales
  • Bog gardens and wetland edges
  • Native plant restoration areas
  • Naturalized landscapes with consistent moisture
  • Educational or demonstration gardens showcasing Caribbean flora

Growing Conditions and Care

Success with Jamaican fleabane comes down to one crucial factor: moisture. This obligate wetland plant absolutely requires consistently wet or very moist soil conditions to thrive.

Ideal Growing Conditions:

  • Consistently moist to wet soil (never allow to dry out)
  • Full sun to partial shade
  • USDA Hardiness Zones 9-11 (tropical and subtropical regions)
  • Good drainage despite moisture requirements (avoid stagnant water)

Planting and Care Tips

Growing Jamaican fleabane successfully requires understanding its wetland nature:

  • Plant in naturally wet areas or install irrigation systems for consistent moisture
  • Choose locations that mimic its native wetland habitat
  • Allow plants to self-seed for natural population renewal
  • Minimal fertilization needed in rich, organic wetland soils
  • Monitor moisture levels regularly – this plant cannot tolerate drought

Is Jamaican Fleabane Right for Your Garden?

Jamaican fleabane is an excellent choice if you’re gardening in Puerto Rico or similar tropical climates and have naturally wet areas or are creating wetland features. However, it’s not suitable for typical garden beds with average moisture levels.

Consider this native beauty if you’re working on wetland restoration, creating rain gardens, or want to support local Caribbean ecosystems with authentic native plants. Just remember – success depends entirely on providing the consistently moist conditions this wetland specialist demands!

For gardeners outside its native range or those without wetland conditions, consider researching native fleabanes or similar wildflowers appropriate for your local climate and soil conditions instead.

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Caribbean

OBL

Obligate Wetland - Plants with this status almost always occurs in wetlands

Jamaican Fleabane

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Asterales

Family

Asteraceae Bercht. & J. Presl - Aster family

Genus

Erigeron L. - fleabane

Species

Erigeron jamaicensis L. - Jamaican fleabane

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA