North America Native Plant

Jack In The Pulpit

Botanical name: Arisaema triphyllum quinatum

USDA symbol: ARTRQ

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Arisaema quinatum (Buckley) Schott (ARQU)   

Jack in the Pulpit: A Captivating Native for Southern Shade Gardens If you’re looking for a conversation starter in your shade garden, Jack in the pulpit might just be your new favorite plant. This quirky native perennial brings both mystery and charm to woodland settings, with its distinctive hooded flower ...

Jack in the Pulpit: A Captivating Native for Southern Shade Gardens

If you’re looking for a conversation starter in your shade garden, Jack in the pulpit might just be your new favorite plant. This quirky native perennial brings both mystery and charm to woodland settings, with its distinctive hooded flower that looks like a tiny preacher standing in an old-fashioned pulpit.

What Makes Jack in the Pulpit Special?

Jack in the pulpit (Arisaema triphyllum quinatum) is a native perennial that calls the southeastern United States home. This isn’t just any ordinary wildflower – it’s a true showstopper with personality to spare. The plant gets its common name from its unique flower structure: a green and purple-striped hood (called a spathe) that curves over a club-like spike (the spadix), creating the illusion of a figure in a pulpit.

Also known scientifically as Arisaema quinatum, this native beauty has been enchanting gardeners and nature lovers across the Southeast for generations.

Where Does It Call Home?

This southeastern native thrives across a impressive range of states, including Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas. Its natural habitat tells us everything we need to know about what makes this plant happy – it loves the dappled light and rich, moist soils found in southeastern woodlands.

Why Plant Jack in the Pulpit?

There are plenty of reasons to welcome this native charmer into your garden:

  • Native credentials: As a true native species, it supports local ecosystems and requires less water and maintenance than many non-native alternatives
  • Unique beauty: The distinctive spathe and three-part leaves create architectural interest in shade gardens
  • Wildlife value: The flowers attract small pollinators like flies and gnats, while the bright red berries (on female plants) provide food for birds
  • Low maintenance: Once established, this perennial is relatively hands-off
  • Seasonal interest: From spring emergence through berry production, it offers changing beauty throughout the growing season

Perfect Garden Companions

Jack in the pulpit shines brightest in woodland and shade gardens where it can mingle with other native understory plants. It’s ideal for:

  • Native plant gardens
  • Woodland naturalizing projects
  • Shade borders and foundation plantings
  • Rain gardens with consistent moisture

Pair it with native ferns, wild ginger, trilliums, and other southeastern woodland favorites for a natural, cohesive look.

Growing Conditions That Make It Happy

Success with Jack in the pulpit comes down to mimicking its natural woodland environment:

  • Light: Partial to full shade – think dappled sunlight filtering through trees
  • Soil: Rich, moist, well-draining soil with plenty of organic matter
  • Moisture: Consistent moisture is key, but avoid waterlogged conditions
  • pH: Slightly acidic to neutral soil works best
  • Hardiness: Suitable for USDA zones 6-9, perfectly matching its native range

Planting and Care Tips

Getting your Jack in the pulpit off to a good start is easier than you might think:

When to plant: Fall is ideal for planting bulbs, allowing them to establish roots before winter dormancy. Spring planting works too, but fall gives better results.

Planting depth: Plant bulbs about 3-4 inches deep in loose, organic-rich soil.

Spacing: Allow 12-18 inches between plants to give them room to spread naturally.

Ongoing care: Once established, care is minimal. Keep soil consistently moist but not soggy, and add compost or leaf mold annually to maintain soil richness. The plants will go dormant in late summer, which is completely normal – just mark the location so you don’t accidentally disturb the dormant bulbs.

Patience pays: Like many native bulbs, Jack in the pulpit can take a few seasons to reach full flowering size, but the wait is worth it.

A Few Things to Keep in Mind

Jack in the pulpit is generally problem-free, but there are a couple of things worth noting:

  • All parts of the plant contain calcium oxalate crystals, making them toxic if ingested – keep this in mind if you have curious pets or small children
  • Plants may go dormant earlier in hot, dry conditions, so consistent moisture helps extend the growing season
  • Be patient with establishment – this native beauty takes its time but rewards patience with years of reliable performance

The Bottom Line

Jack in the pulpit offers native gardeners in the Southeast a perfect combination of ecological value, unique beauty, and low-maintenance growing habits. Whether you’re creating a woodland garden from scratch or adding interest to an existing shade area, this charismatic native brings both charm and environmental benefits to your landscape. With its distinctive appearance and important role in supporting local wildlife, Jack in the pulpit proves that native plants can be both beautiful and beneficial – exactly what every thoughtful gardener is looking for.

Jack In The Pulpit

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Arecidae

Order

Arales

Family

Araceae Juss. - Arum family

Genus

Arisaema Mart. - Jack in the pulpit

Species

Arisaema triphyllum (L.) Schott - Jack in the pulpit

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA