North America Native Plant

Interior Live Oak

Botanical name: Quercus wislizeni var. wislizeni

USDA symbol: QUWIW

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Interior Live Oak: California’s Drought-Tough Native Treasure If you’re looking for a tree that embodies the spirit of California’s natural landscape while providing decades of reliable beauty, meet the interior live oak (Quercus wislizeni var. wislizeni). This evergreen native is like that dependable friend who looks great year-round and never ...

Interior Live Oak: California’s Drought-Tough Native Treasure

If you’re looking for a tree that embodies the spirit of California’s natural landscape while providing decades of reliable beauty, meet the interior live oak (Quercus wislizeni var. wislizeni). This evergreen native is like that dependable friend who looks great year-round and never asks for much – perfect for gardeners who want maximum impact with minimal fuss.

What Makes Interior Live Oak Special?

Interior live oak is a true California native, evolved to thrive in the state’s Mediterranean climate. Unlike its coastal cousin, this variety has adapted to inland conditions, making it incredibly resilient in interior valleys and foothills. As a perennial shrub or small tree, it typically grows as a multi-stemmed woody plant reaching 13-16 feet tall, though it can surprise you by growing taller or developing a single trunk under the right conditions.

Where Does It Call Home?

This oak is exclusively found in California, where it naturally occurs in interior valleys and foothills from sea level up to about 5,000 feet elevation. You’ll spot it dotting hillsides and growing along seasonal waterways throughout the state’s inland regions.

Why Your Garden Will Love Interior Live Oak

There are plenty of reasons to fall for this native beauty:

  • Year-round appeal: Those glossy, dark green leaves stay put all year, giving you constant color when other trees go dormant
  • Drought champion: Once established, it laughs in the face of dry spells – perfect for water-wise landscaping
  • Wildlife magnet: Acorns feed everything from squirrels to woodpeckers, while the tree provides nesting sites and shelter
  • Low maintenance: This tree practically takes care of itself once it’s settled in
  • Adaptable size: Whether it grows as a large shrub or small tree depends on your site conditions

Perfect Garden Roles

Interior live oak shines in several landscape scenarios:

  • Specimen tree: Plant it where its natural form can be appreciated
  • Wildlife habitat: Essential for native plant and wildlife gardens
  • Screen or windbreak: Its dense foliage provides excellent privacy
  • Mediterranean gardens: Pairs beautifully with lavender, rosemary, and other drought-tolerant plants

Growing Conditions That Make It Happy

Interior live oak is surprisingly easy-going about its growing conditions:

  • Sunlight: Full sun is best, though it tolerates some afternoon shade
  • Soil: Well-draining soil is crucial – it hates wet feet
  • Water: Drought-tolerant once established, but appreciates occasional deep watering
  • Climate: Hardy in USDA zones 7-10, perfect for most of California

Planting and Care Tips

Getting your interior live oak off to a great start is straightforward:

  • Timing: Plant in fall to give roots time to establish before hot weather
  • Location: Choose a spot with good drainage – slopes are ideal
  • Initial care: Water deeply but infrequently during the first year
  • Mature care: Once established, avoid summer irrigation near the trunk to prevent root rot
  • Pruning: Minimal pruning needed – just remove dead or damaged branches

The Bottom Line

Interior live oak is one of those rare plants that checks all the boxes: it’s gorgeous, native, drought-tolerant, wildlife-friendly, and low-maintenance. Whether you’re creating a water-wise landscape, supporting local ecosystems, or simply want a beautiful tree that won’t demand constant attention, this California native delivers. Plus, there’s something deeply satisfying about growing a plant that truly belongs in your local landscape – it’s like welcoming an old friend home.

Interior Live Oak

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Hamamelididae

Order

Fagales

Family

Fagaceae Dumort. - Beech family

Genus

Quercus L. - oak

Species

Quercus wislizeni A. DC. - interior live oak

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA