North America Native Plant

Indian Flatsedge

Botanical name: Cyperus nanus

USDA symbol: CYNA2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to Navassa Island âš˜ Native to Puerto Rico âš˜ Native to the U.S. Virgin Islands  

Indian Flatsedge: A Charming Caribbean Native for Coastal Gardens If you’re gardening in the tropical paradise of Puerto Rico or the U.S. Virgin Islands, you might want to get acquainted with a delightful little native called Indian flatsedge (Cyperus nanus). This understated perennial sedge may not win any flashy flower ...

Indian Flatsedge: A Charming Caribbean Native for Coastal Gardens

If you’re gardening in the tropical paradise of Puerto Rico or the U.S. Virgin Islands, you might want to get acquainted with a delightful little native called Indian flatsedge (Cyperus nanus). This understated perennial sedge may not win any flashy flower contests, but it brings a quiet charm and authentic local character to Caribbean landscapes that’s hard to beat.

What Exactly Is Indian Flatsedge?

Indian flatsedge is a grass-like perennial that belongs to the sedge family (Cyperaceae). Don’t let the grass-like description fool you into thinking it’s just another boring lawn substitute – sedges have their own unique personality that sets them apart from true grasses. This particular species is a compact, low-growing plant that forms neat clumps of slender, green foliage topped with small, brownish flower clusters.

Where Does It Call Home?

This little sedge is a true Caribbean local, native to Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and the tiny coral island of Navassa Island. It’s perfectly adapted to life in these tropical island environments, making it an excellent choice for gardeners who want to incorporate authentic regional plants into their landscapes.

Why Consider Indian Flatsedge for Your Garden?

Here are some compelling reasons to give this native sedge a spot in your landscape:

  • Authentically local: Supporting native plants helps preserve the unique character of Caribbean ecosystems
  • Low maintenance: Once established, it requires minimal care and attention
  • Drought tolerant: Perfect for water-wise gardening in tropical climates
  • Coastal friendly: Naturally adapted to sandy soils and coastal conditions
  • Naturalistic appeal: Adds texture and movement to wildflower gardens and natural landscapes

Perfect Garden Companions

Indian flatsedge shines brightest in naturalistic garden designs where its subtle beauty can be appreciated. It’s particularly well-suited for:

  • Coastal gardens where salt tolerance is important
  • Xerophytic (dry) landscapes that celebrate drought-adapted plants
  • Native plant gardens showcasing Caribbean flora
  • Ground cover applications in informal settings
  • Naturalistic meadow-style plantings

Growing Conditions and Care

The beauty of working with native plants like Indian flatsedge is that they’re already perfectly suited to local growing conditions. Here’s what this sedge prefers:

Climate: USDA hardiness zones 10-11 (tropical and subtropical regions)
Sun exposure: Full sun to partial shade
Soil: Well-draining soils, including sandy coastal soils
Water: Moderate water needs; drought tolerant once established
Wetland status: Facultative upland (usually grows in non-wetland areas but can tolerate occasional wet conditions)

Planting and Care Tips

Indian flatsedge is refreshingly easy to grow, especially if you’re gardening within its native range:

  • Planting: Plant during the rainy season when natural moisture will help establishment
  • Spacing: Allow adequate space between plants as this species forms natural clumps
  • Watering: Water regularly during establishment, then reduce frequency as the plant matures
  • Maintenance: Minimal pruning needed; simply remove any dead or damaged foliage as needed
  • Fertilization: Generally unnecessary – this native thrives in natural soil conditions

Is Indian Flatsedge Right for Your Garden?

If you’re gardening in Puerto Rico or the U.S. Virgin Islands and appreciate plants with subtle, naturalistic beauty, Indian flatsedge could be a wonderful addition to your landscape. It’s particularly perfect for gardeners who want to:

  • Support local ecosystems with native plant choices
  • Create low-maintenance, drought-tolerant gardens
  • Develop coastal or sandy-soil plantings
  • Add texture and movement without flashy colors

While this sedge may not provide significant benefits for pollinators or wildlife compared to showier natives, it plays its own important role in the ecosystem tapestry. Sometimes the most valuable garden residents are the quiet ones that simply belong – and Indian flatsedge definitely belongs in Caribbean landscapes.

Consider giving this charming little native a try in your next planting project. Your garden – and the local ecosystem – will thank you for choosing a plant that truly calls your region home.

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Caribbean

FACU

Facultative Upland - Plants with this status usually occurs in non-wetlands but may occur in wetlands

Indian Flatsedge

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Cyperaceae Juss. - Sedge family

Genus

Cyperus L. - flatsedge

Species

Cyperus nanus Willd. - Indian flatsedge

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA