North America Native Plant

Idaho Licorice-root

Botanical name: Ligusticum tenuifolium

USDA symbol: LITE2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Ligusticum filicinum S. Watson var. tenuifolium (S. Watson) Mathias & Constance (LIFIT)   

Idaho Licorice-Root: A Delicate Native Beauty for Mountain Gardens If you’re looking to add some authentic Western charm to your native garden, Idaho licorice-root (Ligusticum tenuifolium) might just be the understated gem you’ve been searching for. This delicate perennial forb brings a touch of mountain meadow magic to home landscapes ...

Idaho Licorice-Root: A Delicate Native Beauty for Mountain Gardens

If you’re looking to add some authentic Western charm to your native garden, Idaho licorice-root (Ligusticum tenuifolium) might just be the understated gem you’ve been searching for. This delicate perennial forb brings a touch of mountain meadow magic to home landscapes while supporting local wildlife and pollinators.

What is Idaho Licorice-Root?

Idaho licorice-root is a native perennial herb that belongs to the carrot family. Despite its common name, it’s not actually related to true licorice plants. This charming forb produces delicate, fernlike foliage and small white flowers arranged in umbrella-like clusters called umbels. The plant typically reaches 1-3 feet in height, making it perfect for mid-border plantings or naturalized areas.

Where Does It Call Home?

This native beauty is truly a child of the American West. Idaho licorice-root naturally grows across seven western states: Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. You’ll find it thriving in mountain meadows, forest clearings, and along stream banks in its native range.

The plant’s wetland status varies by region – it typically prefers moist conditions but can adapt to drier sites once established. In most of its range, it’s classified as a facultative wetland plant, meaning it usually grows in wet areas but can tolerate some drought.

Why Grow Idaho Licorice-Root in Your Garden?

There are several compelling reasons to consider adding this native plant to your landscape:

  • Native authenticity: As a true native of the lower 48 states, it’s perfectly adapted to regional growing conditions
  • Pollinator support: The small white flowers attract beneficial insects including native bees and flies
  • Low maintenance: Once established, this perennial requires minimal care
  • Naturalistic appeal: Perfect for creating authentic mountain meadow or prairie-style plantings
  • Seasonal interest: Offers delicate foliage texture and subtle white blooms

Best Garden Settings

Idaho licorice-root works beautifully in several garden styles:

  • Native plant gardens and restoration projects
  • Rock gardens and alpine-style landscapes
  • Naturalized meadow areas
  • Woodland edge plantings
  • Mountain-themed gardens

Growing Conditions and Care

This mountain native is surprisingly adaptable but does have some preferences:

Hardiness: Thrives in USDA zones 3-7, making it suitable for cooler climates and higher elevations.

Light requirements: Performs well in partial shade to full sun, though some afternoon shade is beneficial in hotter climates.

Soil needs: Prefers moist, well-draining soil but can adapt to various soil types once established. Good drainage is essential to prevent root rot.

Water requirements: Appreciates consistent moisture during the growing season but becomes more drought-tolerant with maturity.

Planting and Propagation Tips

Getting Idaho licorice-root established requires a bit of patience, but the results are worth it:

  • Seed starting: Seeds require cold stratification, so plant them in fall or give them a cold treatment over winter
  • Germination: Can be slow and irregular, so don’t give up too quickly
  • Transplanting: Young plants can be delicate, so handle with care and plant in spring after frost danger passes
  • Spacing: Allow 12-18 inches between plants for proper air circulation

Wildlife and Ecological Benefits

While specific wildlife benefits aren’t well-documented, like many native plants in the carrot family, Idaho licorice-root likely provides food and habitat for various insects and small wildlife. The flowers attract pollinators during the blooming season, contributing to the overall health of your garden ecosystem.

Is Idaho Licorice-Root Right for Your Garden?

This native plant is an excellent choice for gardeners who appreciate subtle beauty and want to support local ecosystems. It’s particularly well-suited for those gardening in mountain regions or cooler climates where it can truly thrive. While it may not be the showiest plant in your garden, Idaho licorice-root offers authentic native character and ecological value that makes it a worthy addition to naturalistic landscapes.

If you’re creating a native plant garden or want to support local wildlife while adding texture and seasonal interest to your landscape, Idaho licorice-root deserves serious consideration. Just remember to source your plants or seeds responsibly from reputable native plant nurseries to ensure you’re getting true local genetics.

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Arid West

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Great Plains

FAC

Facultative - Plants with this status can occur in wetlands and non-wetlands

Western Mountains, Valleys, and Coast

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Idaho Licorice-root

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Apiales

Family

Apiaceae Lindl. - Carrot family

Genus

Ligusticum L. - licorice-root

Species

Ligusticum tenuifolium S. Watson - Idaho licorice-root

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA