North America Native Plant

Hybrid Oak

Botanical name: Quercus ×rolfsii

USDA symbol: QURO4

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Hybrid Oak: A Rare Florida Native Worth Knowing About If you’re on the hunt for native plants in Florida, you might stumble across the intriguing Quercus ×rolfsii, commonly known as hybrid oak. This perennial shrub is one of those plants that keeps botanists scratching their heads – not because it’s ...

Hybrid Oak: A Rare Florida Native Worth Knowing About

If you’re on the hunt for native plants in Florida, you might stumble across the intriguing Quercus ×rolfsii, commonly known as hybrid oak. This perennial shrub is one of those plants that keeps botanists scratching their heads – not because it’s problematic, but because it’s genuinely rare and understudied. Let’s dive into what we know about this fascinating Florida native and whether it deserves a spot in your landscape.

What Makes This Oak Special?

The × in Quercus ×rolfsii isn’t a typo – it’s botanical shorthand telling us this is a natural hybrid. Think of it as nature’s own plant breeding experiment! This hybrid oak is a true Florida native, making it a valuable addition to any native plant enthusiast’s wish list.

As a shrub, this oak breaks the mold of what many people expect from oak trees. Instead of towering overhead, Quercus ×rolfsii typically stays under 13-16 feet tall and sports multiple stems emerging from or near the ground. It’s like getting all the benefits of an oak in a more manageable, shrub-sized package.

Where You’ll Find It

This hybrid oak calls Florida home and, as far as current records show, that’s pretty much it. Its limited distribution makes it something of a botanical treasure – not necessarily rare in a concerning way, but certainly not common either.

Should You Plant Hybrid Oak?

Here’s where things get a bit tricky. While Quercus ×rolfsii is undoubtedly a legitimate Florida native, finding reliable information about its specific growing requirements, wildlife benefits, and garden performance is challenging. This isn’t necessarily a red flag – many native plants are simply understudied – but it does mean you’ll be somewhat flying blind if you choose to grow it.

The Oak Family Advantage

Even without specific data on this particular hybrid, we can make some educated guesses based on its oak heritage. Oaks are generally:

  • Excellent wildlife plants, supporting numerous butterfly and moth species
  • Drought-tolerant once established
  • Long-lived and sturdy
  • Valuable for their acorns, which feed wildlife

Growing Considerations

Without specific growing information for Quercus ×rolfsii, your best bet is to treat it like other Florida native oaks. This likely means:

  • Well-draining soil (oaks generally hate wet feet)
  • Full to partial sun
  • Minimal water once established
  • Native Florida soil conditions

The Bottom Line

Quercus ×rolfsii represents an interesting piece of Florida’s native plant puzzle. If you’re a native plant collector or someone who loves growing unusual species, this hybrid oak could be a worthy challenge. However, the limited information available means you’ll need to be patient and observant as you learn its preferences.

For most gardeners, especially beginners, you might want to start with better-documented Florida native oaks like Southern Live Oak (Quercus virginiana) or Sand Live Oak (Quercus geminata) before tackling this more mysterious hybrid.

If you do decide to grow Quercus ×rolfsii, make sure to source it from reputable native plant nurseries and document your experience – you might just contribute to our understanding of this understudied Florida native!

Hybrid Oak

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Hamamelididae

Order

Fagales

Family

Fagaceae Dumort. - Beech family

Genus

Quercus L. - oak

Species

Quercus ×rolfsii Small (pro sp.) [chapmanii × minima] - hybrid oak

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA