North America Native Plant

Hybrid Oak

Botanical name: Quercus ×fontana

USDA symbol: QUFO

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: tree

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Hybrid Oak: A Rare Native Tree Worth Knowing About Meet the hybrid oak (Quercus ×fontana), one of nature’s more elusive creations. This native tree represents the fascinating world of natural plant hybridization, where two oak species have crossed to create something entirely unique. While you might not find this particular ...

Hybrid Oak: A Rare Native Tree Worth Knowing About

Meet the hybrid oak (Quercus ×fontana), one of nature’s more elusive creations. This native tree represents the fascinating world of natural plant hybridization, where two oak species have crossed to create something entirely unique. While you might not find this particular oak at your local nursery, understanding its story helps us appreciate the incredible diversity of native trees right here in America.

What Makes This Oak Special?

The × in Quercus ×fontana isn’t a typo—it’s botanical shorthand telling us this is a hybrid species. Think of it as nature’s own plant breeding experiment, where two different oak species decided to create something new together. As a perennial woody plant, this hybrid oak follows the classic tree blueprint: a single trunk that typically grows over 13-16 feet tall, though environmental conditions can sometimes result in shorter, multi-stemmed forms.

Where Does It Call Home?

This rare hybrid oak has a very limited native range, calling just two states home: Missouri and Ohio. Its restricted distribution makes it something of a botanical treasure—a reminder that even within our well-studied native flora, there are still uncommon gems waiting to be appreciated.

Why Consider Native Oaks for Your Landscape?

While Quercus ×fontana itself may be difficult to source, its story highlights why native oaks deserve a place in our hearts and gardens:

  • Native oaks support incredible wildlife diversity, hosting hundreds of caterpillar species that feed our birds
  • They provide long-lasting structure and seasonal interest in landscapes
  • Once established, native oaks are typically low-maintenance and drought-tolerant
  • They connect our gardens to the local ecosystem’s natural history

The Reality of Growing Rare Natives

Here’s the honest truth about Quercus ×fontana: you probably won’t find it at your garden center, and that’s okay! Its rarity and limited range mean it’s more of a conservation curiosity than a practical landscape choice for most gardeners. However, this doesn’t mean you can’t capture the spirit of what makes this hybrid special.

Better Alternatives: Other Native Oaks to Consider

If the idea of a native hybrid oak appeals to you, consider these more widely available native oak species that might thrive in your area:

  • White Oak (Quercus alba) – majestic and long-lived
  • Red Oak (Quercus rubra) – fast-growing with brilliant fall color
  • Bur Oak (Quercus macrocarpa) – incredibly hardy and drought-tolerant
  • Post Oak (Quercus stellata) – perfect for challenging sites

General Oak Growing Tips

Whether you’re dreaming of rare hybrids or planning to plant a more common native oak, here’s what these mighty trees generally prefer:

  • Well-draining soil (most oaks hate wet feet)
  • Full sun to partial shade
  • Space to grow—remember, these are long-term landscape investments
  • Patience during establishment—oaks can be slow starters but are worth the wait
  • Minimal fertilization once established

The Bigger Picture

Quercus ×fontana may be a botanical footnote in most gardens, but it represents something important: the incredible diversity and adaptability of our native plants. By choosing any native oak for your landscape, you’re supporting local wildlife, connecting with your region’s natural heritage, and creating a garden that truly belongs to its place.

So while you might not be able to plant this specific hybrid oak, you can certainly embrace the spirit of what it represents—the beauty, resilience, and ecological value of native trees. Your local birds, squirrels, and soil will thank you for it!

Hybrid Oak

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Hamamelididae

Order

Fagales

Family

Fagaceae Dumort. - Beech family

Genus

Quercus L. - oak

Species

Quercus ×fontana Laughlin [coccinea × velutina] - hybrid oak

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA