North America Native Plant

Hybrid Oak

Botanical name: Quercus ×filialis

USDA symbol: QUFI

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: tree

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Quercus ×dubia Trel. (QUDU5)  âš˜  Quercus ×inaequalis Palmer & Steyerm. (QUIN9)   

Hybrid Oak: A Native Tree Worth Considering for Your Landscape If you’re looking to add a substantial native tree to your landscape, the hybrid oak (Quercus ×filialis) might just be the perfect candidate. This lesser-known native oak brings all the classic benefits of oak trees while offering something a little ...

Hybrid Oak: A Native Tree Worth Considering for Your Landscape

If you’re looking to add a substantial native tree to your landscape, the hybrid oak (Quercus ×filialis) might just be the perfect candidate. This lesser-known native oak brings all the classic benefits of oak trees while offering something a little different for your garden.

What Makes Hybrid Oak Special?

As its name suggests, hybrid oak is a naturally occurring cross between two oak species. The × in its scientific name Quercus ×filialis is botanical shorthand that tells us this tree is nature’s own hybrid creation. You might also see it listed under its synonyms Quercus ×dubia or Quercus ×inaequalis in some references.

This perennial tree follows the classic oak growth pattern, developing into a substantial specimen with a single trunk that typically reaches heights greater than 13-16 feet. Like other oaks, it’s built to last, potentially gracing your landscape for generations.

Where Does Hybrid Oak Call Home?

One of the best things about hybrid oak is its impressive native range across the United States. This tree naturally occurs in:

  • Arkansas
  • Delaware
  • Illinois
  • Louisiana
  • Mississippi
  • Missouri
  • New Jersey
  • New York

This wide distribution from the Deep South to the Northeast suggests it’s a fairly adaptable tree that can handle diverse growing conditions.

Why Choose Hybrid Oak for Your Landscape?

Native trees like hybrid oak offer numerous advantages over non-native alternatives:

  • Ecological benefits: Native oaks support hundreds of native caterpillar species, making them wildlife magnets
  • Low maintenance: Adapted to local conditions, native trees typically require less water and care once established
  • Climate resilience: Having evolved in your region, they’re better equipped to handle local weather patterns
  • Authentic beauty: Nothing looks more right in a landscape than plants that naturally belong there

Planning Your Planting

While specific growing requirements for hybrid oak aren’t well-documented, its wide native range suggests it’s fairly tolerant of different conditions. Like most oaks, it likely prefers:

  • Full sun to partial shade
  • Well-draining soil
  • Adequate space for its mature size
  • Patience during establishment (oaks are notoriously slow starters)

Given its distribution from Louisiana to New York, hybrid oak appears adaptable to various USDA hardiness zones, though specific zone recommendations aren’t available for this particular species.

The Reality Check

Here’s where hybrid oak gets a bit tricky: it’s not commonly available in the nursery trade. This fascinating native tree seems to fly under the radar of most commercial growers, making it something of a hidden gem. If you’re set on adding one to your landscape, you might need to:

  • Contact specialty native plant nurseries
  • Connect with local native plant societies
  • Look for seeds or seedlings in areas where it naturally occurs

Is Hybrid Oak Right for You?

Hybrid oak could be an excellent choice if you:

  • Live within its native range
  • Want to support local wildlife
  • Appreciate the majesty of oak trees
  • Don’t mind a challenge in sourcing your plant
  • Have patience for a slower-growing tree

While we don’t have all the specific details about hybrid oak’s growing requirements, its native status and wide distribution make it a worthy candidate for any native plant enthusiast’s wish list. Sometimes the most rewarding garden additions are the ones that require a little extra effort to find and understand.

If you can’t locate hybrid oak, consider other native oaks in your region – they’ll provide similar ecological benefits and are likely easier to source. The key is choosing trees that belong in your local ecosystem, and hybrid oak certainly fits that bill across its impressive native range.

Hybrid Oak

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Hamamelididae

Order

Fagales

Family

Fagaceae Dumort. - Beech family

Genus

Quercus L. - oak

Species

Quercus ×filialis Little [phellos × velutina] - hybrid oak

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA