North America Native Plant

Hybrid Oak

Botanical name: Quercus ×benderi

USDA symbol: QUBE9

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: tree

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Hybrid Oak (Quercus ×benderi): A Rare Native Treasure Worth Knowing If you’re a native plant enthusiast with a passion for rare finds, you might have stumbled across the intriguing Quercus ×benderi, commonly known as hybrid oak. This perennial tree represents one of nature’s more elusive creations – a naturally occurring ...

Hybrid Oak (Quercus ×benderi): A Rare Native Treasure Worth Knowing

If you’re a native plant enthusiast with a passion for rare finds, you might have stumbled across the intriguing Quercus ×benderi, commonly known as hybrid oak. This perennial tree represents one of nature’s more elusive creations – a naturally occurring oak hybrid that calls a very small corner of the United States home.

What Makes This Oak Special?

The hybrid oak is exactly what its name suggests – a cross between two oak species that has created something unique in the oak family. As a native species to the lower 48 states, this tree carries the genetic heritage of our native landscapes, though in a package that’s far from common.

Where You’ll Find It (Or Won’t)

Here’s where things get interesting – and a bit challenging for most gardeners. Quercus ×benderi has an extremely limited native range, found naturally only in Massachusetts and Pennsylvania. This narrow distribution immediately tells us this isn’t your typical backyard oak tree.

Should You Plant a Hybrid Oak?

Let’s be honest here – finding Quercus ×benderi for your garden might be like searching for a needle in a haystack. The limited native range and sparse documentation suggest this hybrid oak isn’t readily available in the nursery trade. But if you’re lucky enough to encounter one, here’s what you should know:

The Pros:

  • Native species supporting local ecosystems
  • Unique addition to any native plant collection
  • Typical oak tree benefits for wildlife (when mature)
  • Perennial woody tree structure provides lasting landscape value

The Challenges:

  • Extremely difficult to source commercially
  • Limited growing information available
  • May have specific site requirements not well documented
  • Long-term performance in cultivation largely unknown

Growing Conditions and Care

Since specific growing information for Quercus ×benderi is scarce, your best bet is to mimic the conditions where it naturally thrives in Massachusetts and Pennsylvania. This likely means:

  • Temperate climate conditions suitable for northeastern oak species
  • Well-draining soil (typical for most oak species)
  • Full to partial sun exposure
  • Space for a mature tree (as it can grow over 13-16 feet in height)

Like other oak trees, patience will be your greatest virtue – these are slow-growing trees that reward you with decades of beauty once established.

The Reality Check

While the hybrid oak sounds fascinating, the practical gardener might want to consider more readily available native oak alternatives. If you’re in Massachusetts or Pennsylvania, look for other native oaks like white oak (Quercus alba), red oak (Quercus rubra), or chestnut oak (Quercus montana). These species offer similar benefits with much better availability and documented growing requirements.

The Bottom Line

Quercus ×benderi represents the fascinating world of natural plant hybridization, but it’s more of a botanical curiosity than a practical garden choice for most people. If you encounter one through specialized native plant societies or botanical institutions, it could be a wonderful addition to a dedicated native plant collection. However, for the average gardener looking to add native oaks to their landscape, focusing on more available native species will likely bring better results and greater satisfaction.

Sometimes the rarest plants teach us the most about appreciating the native treasures that are more readily available – and there are plenty of spectacular native oaks waiting to grace your garden!

Hybrid Oak

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Hamamelididae

Order

Fagales

Family

Fagaceae Dumort. - Beech family

Genus

Quercus L. - oak

Species

Quercus ×benderi Baenitz [coccinea × rubra] - hybrid oak

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA