North America Native Plant

Howell’s Gumweed

Botanical name: Grindelia howellii

USDA symbol: GRHO

Life cycle: biennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Howell’s Gumweed: A Rare Native Gem for the Specialized Garden If you’re passionate about native plants and love supporting biodiversity, Howell’s gumweed (Grindelia howellii) might just capture your heart. This biennial forb brings a touch of wild western charm to gardens, though it comes with some important considerations that every ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘

Howell’s Gumweed: A Rare Native Gem for the Specialized Garden

If you’re passionate about native plants and love supporting biodiversity, Howell’s gumweed (Grindelia howellii) might just capture your heart. This biennial forb brings a touch of wild western charm to gardens, though it comes with some important considerations that every responsible gardener should know.

What Makes Howell’s Gumweed Special

Howell’s gumweed is a true native of the American West, found naturally only in Idaho and Montana. As a biennial, this plant has a two-year life cycle – spending its first year developing a strong root system and foliage, then blooming and setting seed in its second year before completing its cycle.

Like other members of the gumweed family, this plant is characterized by its sticky, resinous buds and leaves that give it that distinctive gummy feel. The cheerful yellow, daisy-like flowers are typical of plants in the sunflower family and provide a bright pop of color when they appear.

Important Conservation Considerations

Before you consider planting Howell’s gumweed, here’s what you need to know: This species has a Global Conservation Status of S3, meaning it’s considered vulnerable. With typically only 21 to 100 occurrences and between 3,000 to 10,000 individuals in the wild, this plant is quite rare and faces potential threats to its survival.

If you’re interested in growing this species, it’s crucial to source seeds or plants only from reputable native plant suppliers who collect responsibly and legally. Never collect from wild populations, as this could further threaten already vulnerable populations.

Garden Role and Landscape Design

Howell’s gumweed works best in specialized native plant gardens, particularly those focused on regional flora of the northern Rocky Mountains. Its compact forb structure makes it suitable for:

  • Native plant demonstration gardens
  • Rock gardens with western themes
  • Drought-tolerant landscape designs
  • Conservation gardens focused on rare species

As a biennial, remember that individual plants won’t provide consistent yearly blooms in the same spot, so consider planting in groups or allowing for natural self-seeding to maintain continuity.

Growing Conditions and Care

Based on its native habitat in Idaho and Montana, Howell’s gumweed likely thrives in conditions that mirror its natural environment:

  • Sunlight: Full sun exposure
  • Soil: Well-draining soils; avoid areas that stay wet
  • Water: Drought-tolerant once established; minimal supplemental watering needed
  • Climate: Adapted to USDA hardiness zones approximately 4-7

The key to success with this species is mimicking its natural growing conditions – think dry, sunny locations with excellent drainage. Overwatering or heavy soils are likely to cause problems.

Wildlife and Pollinator Benefits

The bright yellow flowers of Howell’s gumweed serve as valuable nectar sources for native pollinators, including bees and butterflies. By growing this rare native, you’re not only supporting the plant species itself but also providing habitat for the native insects that depend on regional flora.

Planting and Care Tips

  • Start from seed when possible, sowing in fall or early spring
  • Provide excellent drainage – consider raised beds or sloped areas
  • Avoid fertilizing, as native plants typically prefer lean soils
  • Allow some plants to go to seed to maintain populations
  • Be patient – as a biennial, flowers won’t appear until the second year

Should You Grow Howell’s Gumweed?

This plant is best suited for dedicated native plant enthusiasts who understand the responsibility that comes with growing rare species. If you’re in or near its native range of Idaho and Montana, have appropriate growing conditions, and can source plants responsibly, Howell’s gumweed can be a meaningful addition to a conservation-focused garden.

However, if you’re looking for easy-care native alternatives, consider more common gumweed species or other native forbs from your region that don’t carry conservation concerns. The most important thing is supporting native biodiversity while being responsible stewards of rare plants.

Howell’s Gumweed

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Asterales

Family

Asteraceae Bercht. & J. Presl - Aster family

Genus

Grindelia Willd. - gumweed

Species

Grindelia howellii Steyerm. - Howell's gumweed

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA