Howell’s Fleabane: A Rare Pacific Northwest Treasure Worth Protecting
Meet Howell’s fleabane (Erigeron howellii), a charming little native wildflower that’s become something of a botanical celebrity in the Pacific Northwest—though not necessarily for the reasons we’d hope. This delightful member of the daisy family is what botanists call imperiled, meaning it’s become quite rare in the wild. But don’t let that discourage you from learning about this special plant!
What Makes Howell’s Fleabane Special?
Despite its somewhat unfortunate common name (fleabanes got their name from the old belief that they repelled fleas), Howell’s fleabane is actually quite lovely. This perennial forb produces classic daisy-like flowers with white to pale purple petals surrounding cheerful yellow centers. The blooms may be small, but they pack a big punch when it comes to attracting pollinators.
As a native species, Howell’s fleabane has spent centuries adapting to life in the Pacific Northwest. It’s perfectly suited to the region’s climate and plays an important role in local ecosystems, even if we don’t fully understand all its wildlife benefits yet.
Where Does It Call Home?
Howell’s fleabane is a true Pacific Northwest native, naturally occurring only in Oregon and Washington. This limited geographic distribution is part of what makes it so special—and so vulnerable. The plant has evolved to thrive in the specific conditions found in this region.
A Plant in Need of Protection
Here’s where things get serious: Howell’s fleabane has a Global Conservation Status of S2, which means it’s considered imperiled. With typically only 6 to 20 known occurrences and somewhere between 1,000 to 3,000 individual plants remaining in the wild, this little fleabane needs our help.
If you’re thinking about adding Howell’s fleabane to your garden, we absolutely encourage it—but with an important caveat. Only purchase plants or seeds from reputable native plant nurseries that source their material responsibly. Never collect plants or seeds from wild populations, as this could further threaten already vulnerable communities.
Growing Howell’s Fleabane Successfully
The good news is that once you have responsibly sourced plants, Howell’s fleabane can be a delightful addition to the right garden setting. Here’s what you need to know:
Ideal Growing Conditions
- Climate: Thrives in USDA hardiness zones 7-9, perfect for the Pacific Northwest
- Soil: Prefers well-drained soils; doesn’t like to sit in water
- Sun exposure: Full sun to partial shade
- Water needs: Once established, it’s quite drought tolerant
Perfect Garden Spots
Howell’s fleabane works beautifully in:
- Native plant gardens
- Rock gardens where drainage is excellent
- Restoration projects
- Naturalized areas of larger properties
As a forb (a non-woody perennial), it works well as a ground cover or mixed into wildflower plantings where it can spread naturally without overwhelming other plants.
Special Wetland Status
Interestingly, Howell’s fleabane has a Facultative Wetland status in the Western Mountains, Valleys, and Coast region. This means it usually grows in wetland areas but can also survive in drier conditions. This adaptability makes it a versatile choice for gardens with varying moisture levels.
Pollinator Power
Like many members of the daisy family, Howell’s fleabane is excellent for supporting pollinators. Its small flowers are perfect landing pads for native bees, butterflies, and other beneficial insects. By growing this plant, you’re not just adding beauty to your garden—you’re providing crucial habitat for local pollinator communities.
Care and Maintenance
One of the best things about native plants like Howell’s fleabane is that they’re naturally low-maintenance once established. Here are some tips for success:
- Water regularly the first year to help establish roots
- Once established, water only during extended dry periods
- Avoid over-fertilizing—native plants prefer lean soils
- Allow some flowers to go to seed to support wildlife and potentially expand your planting
The Bottom Line
Howell’s fleabane represents both an opportunity and a responsibility. By choosing to grow this rare native plant, you become part of its conservation story. You’ll enjoy its simple beauty while supporting local pollinators and preserving a piece of Pacific Northwest botanical heritage.
Just remember: always source responsibly, never collect from the wild, and consider sharing seeds (once your plants are established) with other conservation-minded gardeners. Together, we can help ensure that future generations will be able to enjoy this special little fleabane both in gardens and in its natural habitat.
