North America Native Plant

Howell’s Fawnlily

Botanical name: Erythronium howellii

USDA symbol: ERHO10

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Howell’s Fawnlily: A Rare Pacific Northwest Spring Treasure If you’re lucky enough to garden in the Pacific Northwest and have a shady spot that needs some early spring magic, Howell’s fawnlily (Erythronium howellii) might just be the perfect native plant for you. But before you get too excited, there’s something ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3S4: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘ Apparently Secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the state or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘

Howell’s Fawnlily: A Rare Pacific Northwest Spring Treasure

If you’re lucky enough to garden in the Pacific Northwest and have a shady spot that needs some early spring magic, Howell’s fawnlily (Erythronium howellii) might just be the perfect native plant for you. But before you get too excited, there’s something important you should know about this charming little woodland gem.

What Makes Howell’s Fawnlily Special

This native perennial forb is like nature’s way of saying spring is here! with its delicate, nodding white to cream-colored flowers that dance above mottled leaves in early spring. As a true spring ephemeral, Howell’s fawnlily puts on its show before the forest canopy leafs out, then quietly retreats underground for a summer-long nap.

Where You’ll Find This Pacific Northwest Native

Howell’s fawnlily is a true regional specialty, naturally occurring only in southwestern Oregon and northwestern California, particularly in the Klamath Mountains region. This limited native range makes it a special addition to gardens within its natural habitat.

Important Conservation Considerations

Here’s where things get serious for a moment. Howell’s fawnlily has a conservation status that suggests it needs our attention and care. If you’re considering adding this beauty to your garden, please make sure you’re sourcing it responsibly from reputable native plant nurseries that propagate their own stock rather than wild-collecting. By growing this plant in appropriate garden settings, you’re actually contributing to its conservation!

Perfect Garden Situations

This woodland charmer thrives in:

  • Shade gardens with dappled light
  • Woodland garden settings
  • Native plant gardens
  • Naturalized areas under trees

It’s particularly stunning when allowed to naturalize in colonies, creating carpets of spring blooms that would make any woodland fairy jealous.

Growing Conditions and Care

Howell’s fawnlily is surprisingly easy to please once you understand its needs:

  • Light: Partial to full shade
  • Soil: Moist, well-draining soil rich in organic matter
  • Hardiness: USDA zones 6-8
  • Water: Consistent moisture in spring, can tolerate summer dryness while dormant

Planting and Care Tips

The secret to success with Howell’s fawnlily is thinking like the plant. It’s adapted to woodland conditions where it gets plenty of moisture and nutrients from decomposing leaves.

  • Plant bulbs in fall for spring emergence
  • Choose a spot with morning sun and afternoon shade
  • Amend soil with compost or leaf mold
  • Mulch with organic matter to retain moisture and provide nutrients
  • Allow foliage to die back naturally to feed the bulb
  • Be patient – it may take a few years to become established

Benefits for Pollinators and Wildlife

Those early spring blooms aren’t just pretty – they’re a crucial food source for emerging native bees and other pollinators who are desperately seeking nectar after a long winter. By planting Howell’s fawnlily, you’re providing an important early-season pollinator resource.

Should You Plant Howell’s Fawnlily?

If you garden within its native range and can provide the right woodland conditions, absolutely! Just remember to source it responsibly from reputable nurseries. This rare native plant deserves a place in more gardens, both for its stunning spring display and its conservation value. Plus, there’s something deeply satisfying about successfully growing a plant that’s perfectly adapted to your local ecosystem.

For gardeners outside its native range, consider exploring your own regional Erythronium species – there are several other beautiful fawnlilies native to different parts of North America that might be perfect for your garden.

Howell’s Fawnlily

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Liliidae

Order

Liliales

Family

Liliaceae Juss. - Lily family

Genus

Erythronium L. - fawnlily

Species

Erythronium howellii S. Watson - Howell's fawnlily

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA