North America Native Plant

Horsetail

Botanical name: Equisetum ×nelsonii

USDA symbol: EQNE

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to Canada âš˜ Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Equisetum variegatum Schleich. ex F. Weber & D. Mohr var. nelsonii A.A. Eaton (EQVAN)   

Nelson’s Horsetail: A Native Wetland Wonder Worth Considering If you’re looking for a unique native plant that thrives in wet conditions, Nelson’s horsetail (Equisetum ×nelsonii) might just be the quirky addition your garden needs. This fascinating perennial brings an ancient feel to modern landscapes, though it comes with some important ...

Nelson’s Horsetail: A Native Wetland Wonder Worth Considering

If you’re looking for a unique native plant that thrives in wet conditions, Nelson’s horsetail (Equisetum ×nelsonii) might just be the quirky addition your garden needs. This fascinating perennial brings an ancient feel to modern landscapes, though it comes with some important considerations for today’s gardeners.

What Makes Nelson’s Horsetail Special?

Nelson’s horsetail is a native North American plant that calls both Canada and the lower 48 states home. As a hybrid species, it represents nature’s own plant breeding experiment, combining traits that have helped it establish across a remarkably wide range. You’ll find this distinctive horsetail growing naturally from coast to coast, thriving in states and provinces including Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Colorado, Connecticut, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, New Mexico, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, Oregon, Utah, Wisconsin, and Wyoming.

The Wetland Connection

Here’s where things get interesting – and a bit complicated. Nelson’s horsetail has different relationships with water depending on where you live:

  • Great Plains and Western Mountains: Almost always found in wetlands (obligate wetland status)
  • Arid West and Atlantic/Gulf Coastal Plains: Usually in wetlands but can handle some drier spots
  • Eastern Mountains, Midwest, and Northcentral/Northeast: Flexible about moisture, growing in both wet and moderately dry areas

This regional variation means you’ll want to consider your local climate when deciding where to plant it in your garden.

Garden Role and Design Potential

As a forb (a non-woody perennial), Nelson’s horsetail offers a unique architectural element that’s quite different from typical flowering plants. Its growth habit sets it apart – this isn’t your grandmother’s flower bed filler. Instead, think of it as nature’s living sculpture that works particularly well in:

  • Rain gardens and bioswales
  • Pond and stream margins
  • Native wetland restorations
  • Areas with seasonal flooding

The Reality Check: What We Don’t Know

Here’s the honest truth – Nelson’s horsetail is one of those plants that keeps its secrets well. While we know it’s a hardy native with impressive geographic distribution, specific details about growing conditions, care requirements, and garden performance are surprisingly limited. This makes it more of an adventurous choice than a sure bet.

Should You Plant Nelson’s Horsetail?

Consider it if you:

  • Have consistently moist to wet soil conditions
  • Want to support native plant diversity
  • Enjoy experimenting with unusual plants
  • Are creating a wetland or rain garden
  • Live in an area where it naturally occurs

Think twice if you:

  • Need predictable garden performance
  • Have dry soil conditions
  • Want detailed growing instructions
  • Prefer plants with showy flowers for pollinators

Growing Tips (Based on What We Know)

While specific care instructions for Nelson’s horsetail are limited, its wetland preferences give us some clues:

  • Moisture: Provide consistent moisture to wet conditions
  • Soil: Likely prefers heavier, clay-based soils that retain water
  • Location: Plant in areas that stay moist or have seasonal water
  • Patience: As a perennial, give it time to establish

The Bottom Line

Nelson’s horsetail represents one of gardening’s more mysterious natives – a plant with impressive natural distribution but limited cultivation information. If you’re drawn to unique native species and have the right wet conditions, it could be an interesting addition to your landscape. Just go in with realistic expectations and a sense of adventure.

For gardeners seeking more predictable wetland natives, consider well-documented alternatives like blue flag iris, cardinal flower, or swamp milkweed. But if you’re feeling experimental and want to support a native hybrid that’s clearly found its niche across North America, Nelson’s horsetail might just surprise you.

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Arid West

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Eastern Mountains and Piedmont

FAC

Facultative - Plants with this status can occur in wetlands and non-wetlands

Great Plains

OBL

Obligate Wetland - Plants with this status almost always occurs in wetlands

Midwest

FAC

Facultative - Plants with this status can occur in wetlands and non-wetlands

Northcentral & Northeast

FAC

Facultative - Plants with this status can occur in wetlands and non-wetlands

Western Mountains, Valleys, and Coast

OBL

Obligate Wetland - Plants with this status almost always occurs in wetlands

Horsetail

Classification

Group

Horsetail

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision
Division

Equisetophyta - Horsetails

Subdivision
Class

Equisetopsida

Subclass
Order

Equisetales

Family

Equisetaceae Michx. ex DC. - Horsetail family

Genus

Equisetum L. - horsetail

Species

Equisetum ×nelsonii (A.A. Eaton) Schaffn. (pro sp.) [laevigatum × variegatum] - horsetail

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA