North America Native Plant

Hollyleaf Cherry

Botanical name: Prunus ilicifolia lyonii

USDA symbol: PRILL

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Prunus lyonii (Eastw.) Sarg. (PRLY)   

Hollyleaf Cherry: California’s Drought-Tolerant Native Beauty If you’re looking for a tough, beautiful native plant that can handle California’s challenging growing conditions, meet the hollyleaf cherry (Prunus ilicifolia lyonii). This resilient native shrub might just be the perfect addition to your water-wise garden, offering year-round interest with surprisingly little fuss. ...

Hollyleaf Cherry: California’s Drought-Tolerant Native Beauty

If you’re looking for a tough, beautiful native plant that can handle California’s challenging growing conditions, meet the hollyleaf cherry (Prunus ilicifolia lyonii). This resilient native shrub might just be the perfect addition to your water-wise garden, offering year-round interest with surprisingly little fuss.

What Makes Hollyleaf Cherry Special?

The hollyleaf cherry is a true California native, found naturally growing in the Golden State. Also known by its scientific synonym Prunus lyonii, this perennial woody plant typically grows as a multi-stemmed shrub, though it can reach impressive heights of 30-40 feet under the right conditions. Don’t let that fool you into thinking it’s just another tree – this plant has character!

What really sets hollyleaf cherry apart is its incredible adaptability. This plant laughs in the face of drought, making it a superstar for water-conscious gardeners dealing with California’s dry spells.

A Year-Round Performer

Hollyleaf cherry isn’t just tough – it’s gorgeous too. Here’s what you can expect throughout the seasons:

  • Late Spring: Conspicuous white flowers put on a lovely show, attracting pollinators to your garden
  • Summer through Fall: Purple fruits follow the flowers, adding another layer of visual interest
  • Year-round: Medium-textured green foliage provides consistent structure to your landscape

The plant maintains its leaves year-round, offering reliable screening and structure when many other plants are looking sparse.

Perfect for the Right Garden

Hollyleaf cherry shines in several landscape scenarios:

  • Mediterranean-style gardens: Its drought tolerance and growth habit fit perfectly with this popular California aesthetic
  • Native plant gardens: As a true California native, it supports local ecosystems
  • Screening and privacy: With its high tolerance for pruning and rapid growth rate, it makes an excellent hedge or screen
  • Specimen planting: Let it grow to its full potential as a striking focal point

Growing Conditions That Make It Happy

The best part about hollyleaf cherry? It’s remarkably unfussy about soil conditions. Whether you have coarse, medium, or fine-textured soils, this plant will adapt. Here are its preferences:

  • Sunlight: Full sun (it doesn’t tolerate shade well)
  • Soil pH: Slightly alkaline, between 7.0-8.0
  • Water: Medium moisture use, but extremely drought tolerant once established
  • Climate: Thrives in USDA hardiness zones 9-10, needs frost-free conditions
  • Fertility: Low fertility requirements – it’s not demanding!

One thing to note: this plant has low fire tolerance, so consider its placement carefully if you live in a fire-prone area.

Planting and Care Made Simple

Getting hollyleaf cherry established in your garden is straightforward:

  • Planting options: You can grow it from seed, cuttings, bare root plants, or containers
  • Spacing: Plan for 40-400 plants per acre depending on your desired density
  • Establishment: Once planted, it shows high seedling vigor and rapid growth
  • Maintenance: Minimal fertilizer needs and excellent drought tolerance mean less work for you
  • Pruning: High hedge tolerance means you can shape it as needed

The plant produces abundant seeds from summer through fall, though they don’t persist long on the plant. If you’re interested in propagating your own, expect about 2,500 seeds per pound.

A Few Things to Keep in Mind

While hollyleaf cherry is generally easy-going, there are a couple of considerations:

  • It has no salt tolerance, so avoid planting near heavily salted areas
  • Low fire tolerance means careful placement in fire-prone regions
  • It can resprout if damaged, which is usually a good thing for recovery
  • Currently, there’s no known commercial source readily available, so you might need to seek out specialty native plant nurseries

The Bottom Line

Hollyleaf cherry represents the best of California native gardening: beautiful, tough, and perfectly adapted to local conditions. If you’re tired of babying plants that struggle in our Mediterranean climate, this native beauty might be exactly what your landscape needs. With its showy spring flowers, attractive fruits, and incredible drought tolerance, it’s a plant that gives back far more than it asks for.

Just remember to source your plants responsibly from reputable native plant nurseries, and you’ll have a stunning addition to your garden that truly belongs in the California landscape.

How

Hollyleaf Cherry

Grows

Growing season

Spring, Summer, Fall

Lifespan

Moderate

Growth form & shape

Single Stem and Erect

Growth rate

Rapid

Height at 20 years

30

Maximum height

40.0

Foliage color

Green

Summer foliage density

Moderate

Winter foliage density

Porous

Foliage retention

Yes

Flowering

Yes

Flower color

White

Fruit/seeds

Yes

Fruit/seed color

Purple

Allelopath

No

Nitrogen fixing

None

Toxic

None

C:N Ratio

High

Fire Resistant

No

Foliage Texture

Medium

Low-growing Grass

No

Resproutability

Yes

Coppice Ability

Yes

Bloat

None

Hollyleaf Cherry

Growing Conditions

Adapted to Coarse Soil

Yes

Adapted to Medium Soil

Yes

Adapted to Fine Soil

Yes

Anaerobic tolerance

Low

CaCO₃ tolerance

Medium

Cold Stratification

No

Drought tolerance

High

Nutrient requirement

Low

Fire tolerance

Low

Frost-free days minimum

365

Hedge tolerance

High

Moisture requirement

Medium

pH range

7.0 to 8.0

Plants per acre

40 to 400

Precipitation range (in)

15 to 40

Min root depth (in)

12

Salt tolerance

None

Shade tolerance

Intolerant

Min temperature (F)

32

Cultivating

Hollyleaf Cherry

Flowering season

Late Spring

Commercial availability

No Known Source

Fruit/seed abundance

High

Fruit/seed season

Summer to Fall

Fruit/seed persistence

No

Propagated by bare root

Yes

Propagated by bulb

No

Propagated by container

Yes

Propagated by corm

No

Propagated by cuttings

Yes

Propagated by seed

Yes

Propagated by sod

No

Propagated by sprigs

No

Propagated by tubers

No

Seed per pound

2500

Seed spread rate

Slow

Seedling vigor

High

Small grain

No

Vegetative spread rate

Slow

Hollyleaf Cherry

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Rosales

Family

Rosaceae Juss. - Rose family

Genus

Prunus L. - plum

Species

Prunus ilicifolia (Nutt. ex Hook. & Arn.) D. Dietr. - hollyleaf cherry

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA