North America Native Plant

Higgins’s Phacelia

Botanical name: Phacelia higginsii

USDA symbol: PHHI19

Life cycle: biennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Higgins’s Phacelia: A Rare Arizona Native Worth Protecting Meet Higgins’s phacelia (Phacelia higginsii), one of Arizona’s most precious botanical treasures. This little-known native plant might not be gracing garden centers anytime soon, and there’s a very important reason why. Before we dive into what makes this plant special, let’s talk ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S1: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘

Higgins’s Phacelia: A Rare Arizona Native Worth Protecting

Meet Higgins’s phacelia (Phacelia higginsii), one of Arizona’s most precious botanical treasures. This little-known native plant might not be gracing garden centers anytime soon, and there’s a very important reason why. Before we dive into what makes this plant special, let’s talk about why you probably shouldn’t be planting it in your backyard—and what you can do instead to support native pollinator gardens.

A Critically Rare Desert Gem

Higgins’s phacelia holds the sobering distinction of having a Global Conservation Status of S1, which translates to Critically Imperiled. This means there are typically five or fewer known populations of this plant in existence, with fewer than 1,000 individual plants remaining in the wild. When a plant is this rare, every single specimen becomes incredibly valuable for the species’ survival.

Where to Find This Elusive Native

This biennial to perennial forb calls Arizona home and only Arizona. Unlike its more widespread cousins in the Phacelia family, Higgins’s phacelia has an extremely limited range within the state. Its rarity makes it a true Arizona endemic—a plant that exists nowhere else on Earth.

What Makes a Phacelia Special

As a forb, Higgins’s phacelia is a non-woody plant that likely produces the characteristic flowers that make the Phacelia genus so beloved by pollinators. While we don’t have specific details about this rare species’ appearance, most phacelias sport clusters of small, tubular flowers that create a buzz of activity among bees, butterflies, and other beneficial insects.

Why You Shouldn’t Plant This One (And What to Plant Instead)

Here’s where things get serious: due to its critically imperiled status, Higgins’s phacelia should not be cultivated in home gardens unless you have access to responsibly sourced material from conservation programs. Collecting seeds or plants from wild populations could literally push this species closer to extinction.

But don’t despair! Arizona gardeners have plenty of other native Phacelia options that will give you all the pollinator-attracting benefits without the conservation concerns:

  • Desert bluebells (Phacelia campanularia) – stunning blue flowers
  • Scorpionweed (Phacelia distans) – excellent for dry gardens
  • Wild heliotrope (Phacelia crenulata) – purple blooms loved by bees

Supporting Conservation Efforts

While you can’t grow Higgins’s phacelia in your garden, you can still help this rare beauty survive. Consider supporting local botanical gardens, native plant societies, and conservation organizations working to protect Arizona’s rarest plants. Sometimes the best way to love a plant is to admire it from afar and ensure future generations get the same chance.

The Bigger Picture

Higgins’s phacelia serves as a reminder that our native plant communities include species hanging by a thread. Every time we choose native plants for our gardens—even the more common ones—we’re creating habitat corridors and supporting the intricate web of relationships between plants, pollinators, and wildlife that make our ecosystems thrive.

So while you won’t be adding this particular phacelia to your shopping list, you can honor its existence by becoming a champion for native plants in your own patch of Arizona. After all, protecting what’s rare starts with celebrating what’s abundant.

Higgins’s Phacelia

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Solanales

Family

Hydrophyllaceae R. Br. - Waterleaf family

Genus

Phacelia Juss. - phacelia

Species

Phacelia higginsii N.D. Atwood - Higgins's phacelia

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA