North America Native Plant

Hidden Orchid

Botanical name: Maxillaria crassifolia

USDA symbol: MACR2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Maxillaria sessilis (Sw.) Fawc. & Rendle (MASE3)   

Hidden Orchid: Florida’s Secret Native Epiphyte Meet the hidden orchid (Maxillaria crassifolia), a charming little native that truly lives up to its common name. This unassuming epiphytic orchid might not grab attention like its flashier tropical cousins, but it holds a special place in Florida’s natural heritage and can be ...

Hidden Orchid: Florida’s Secret Native Epiphyte

Meet the hidden orchid (Maxillaria crassifolia), a charming little native that truly lives up to its common name. This unassuming epiphytic orchid might not grab attention like its flashier tropical cousins, but it holds a special place in Florida’s natural heritage and can be a rewarding addition for the right gardener.

A True Florida Native

The hidden orchid is genuinely native to the United States, specifically calling Florida home. This makes it a wonderful choice for gardeners interested in supporting local ecosystems and preserving native plant communities. While it’s also found throughout the Caribbean and parts of Central America, in the U.S., you’ll only encounter it naturally in the Sunshine State.

What Makes It Special

Don’t let the hidden part fool you – this little orchid has plenty of charm once you know what to look for. As a perennial forb, Maxillaria crassifolia develops thick, almost succulent-like leaves that help it store moisture in its epiphytic lifestyle. The small, typically yellowish flowers may be modest in size, but they’re perfectly formed and add a delicate beauty to any orchid collection.

Also known by its botanical synonym Maxillaria sessilis, this orchid grows as an epiphyte, meaning it naturally lives on other plants (usually trees) rather than in soil. This unique growth habit makes it quite different from your typical garden perennial.

Is the Hidden Orchid Right for Your Garden?

Here’s where we need to be honest – this isn’t a plant for everyone. The hidden orchid has very specific requirements that make it suitable primarily for:

  • Dedicated orchid enthusiasts
  • Gardeners in South Florida (USDA zones 10-11)
  • Those with experience growing epiphytic plants
  • Native plant collectors focused on Florida species

If you’re looking for a low-maintenance ground cover or colorful border plant, you’ll want to look elsewhere. But if you’re fascinated by native orchids and enjoy the challenge of specialized plant care, the hidden orchid could be perfect for you.

Growing Conditions and Care

Successfully growing hidden orchids requires mimicking their natural epiphytic environment:

  • Light: Bright, filtered light – think dappled shade under tree canopies
  • Humidity: High humidity levels (60% or higher)
  • Air circulation: Good airflow is essential to prevent fungal issues
  • Temperature: Warm temperatures year-round; cannot tolerate frost
  • Growing medium: Mount on bark slabs or grow in extremely well-draining orchid bark mix

Planting and Care Tips

Getting started with hidden orchids requires a different approach than traditional gardening:

  • Mount plants on cork bark, tree fern slabs, or hardwood mounts
  • If using a pot, choose a very small container with exceptional drainage
  • Water by misting regularly, allowing the plant to dry between waterings
  • Provide dilute fertilizer monthly during active growing seasons
  • In Florida, they can be grown outdoors year-round attached to trees
  • In cooler climates, they must be grown indoors or in heated greenhouses

Benefits to Wildlife and Pollinators

While specific pollinator relationships for hidden orchids aren’t extensively documented, native orchids typically attract small insects including flies and beetles. By growing native plants like this orchid, you’re supporting the complex web of relationships that have evolved in Florida’s ecosystems over thousands of years.

The Bottom Line

The hidden orchid is definitely a specialty plant that won’t suit every garden or gardener. However, for those passionate about native Florida plants, orchid cultivation, or creating authentic subtropical landscapes, it offers a unique opportunity to grow a truly local treasure. Just be prepared for the specialized care requirements and remember – sometimes the most rewarding plants are those that challenge us to become better gardeners.

If you’re new to orchid growing, you might want to start with some easier epiphytic species before tackling native orchids. But for experienced growers ready for something special and meaningful, the hidden orchid awaits discovery in your collection.

Hidden Orchid

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Liliidae

Order

Orchidales

Family

Orchidaceae Juss. - Orchid family

Genus

Maxillaria Ruiz & Pav. - tiger orchid

Species

Maxillaria crassifolia (Lindl.) Rchb. f. - hidden orchid

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA