North America Native Plant

Hetch Hetchy Monkeyflower

Botanical name: Mimulus biolettii

USDA symbol: MIBI7

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Hetch Hetchy Monkeyflower: A Rare California Native Worth Protecting Meet the Hetch Hetchy monkeyflower (Mimulus biolettii), a charming little California native that’s as special as its name suggests. Named after the famous Hetch Hetchy Valley in Yosemite, this delicate annual forb represents one of California’s unique botanical treasures that deserves ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S2S3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘

Hetch Hetchy Monkeyflower: A Rare California Native Worth Protecting

Meet the Hetch Hetchy monkeyflower (Mimulus biolettii), a charming little California native that’s as special as its name suggests. Named after the famous Hetch Hetchy Valley in Yosemite, this delicate annual forb represents one of California’s unique botanical treasures that deserves a spot in the right garden—with some important caveats we’ll discuss.

What Makes This Monkeyflower Special

The Hetch Hetchy monkeyflower is a true California endemic, meaning it grows naturally nowhere else on Earth. This small annual herb produces the classic tubular flowers that give monkeyflowers their whimsical name, typically blooming in cheerful yellow tones that brighten up the landscape during its growing season.

As an annual forb, this plant completes its entire life cycle in one year, growing from seed to flower to seed again before winter arrives. It’s a herbaceous plant without woody stems, keeping a low, modest profile that makes it perfect for understated garden spaces.

Where It Calls Home

This monkeyflower is exclusively found in California, where it grows naturally in the Sierra Nevada region and surrounding areas. Its limited geographic range makes it a true California specialty plant.

A Conservation Consideration

Here’s where things get important: the Hetch Hetchy monkeyflower has a conservation status of S2S3, indicating it faces some level of conservation concern. This doesn’t mean you can’t grow it, but it does mean you should be thoughtful about how you source your seeds or plants.

If you’re interested in growing this species, make sure to purchase from reputable native plant nurseries that use responsibly collected, locally-sourced genetic material. Avoid collecting seeds from wild populations, as this can harm already vulnerable populations.

Garden Appeal and Design Role

While the Hetch Hetchy monkeyflower won’t be the showstopper of your garden, it brings subtle charm and authentic California character to the right spaces. Its delicate flowers and modest stature make it ideal for:

  • Native California plant gardens
  • Rock gardens and naturalized areas
  • Wildflower meadow plantings
  • Specialty native plant collections

This isn’t a plant for formal flower borders or high-impact displays. Instead, think of it as a supporting player that adds authenticity and ecological value to naturalistic plantings.

Pollinator and Wildlife Benefits

Like other monkeyflowers, this species attracts small native bees and other pollinators. By including it in your garden, you’re supporting local pollinator populations and contributing to the broader ecosystem web that depends on native plant relationships.

Growing Conditions and Care

The Hetch Hetchy monkeyflower thrives in conditions that mimic its natural Sierra Nevada habitat. It prefers:

  • Well-draining but consistently moist soil during the growing season
  • Partial shade to full sun exposure
  • Cool, moist conditions typical of California’s mountain regions
  • USDA hardiness zones 7-10

As an annual, this plant will complete its life cycle in one season, but with proper conditions, it may self-seed and return the following year. Consistent moisture during its active growing period is key to success.

Should You Plant It?

The Hetch Hetchy monkeyflower is perfect for gardeners who:

  • Want to grow authentic California native species
  • Are creating naturalistic or wildflower-style plantings
  • Are committed to responsible sourcing and conservation
  • Appreciate subtle beauty over bold displays
  • Want to support local pollinator populations

However, it might not be the best choice if you’re looking for a low-maintenance perennial or a plant that provides immediate visual impact. Its annual nature means it requires replanting or reliable self-seeding to maintain in the garden.

The Bottom Line

Growing Hetch Hetchy monkeyflower is more than just adding another plant to your garden—it’s participating in conservation and celebrating California’s unique botanical heritage. With responsible sourcing and appropriate growing conditions, this charming native can bring a piece of the Sierra Nevada’s natural beauty to your own backyard while supporting local ecosystems and pollinator populations.

Just remember: source responsibly, provide the right conditions, and enjoy being part of this special plant’s conservation story.

Hetch Hetchy Monkeyflower

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Scrophulariales

Family

Scrophulariaceae Juss. - Figwort family

Genus

Mimulus L. - monkeyflower

Species

Mimulus biolettii Eastw. - Hetch Hetchy monkeyflower

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA